Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 9.6
Removal of Some Pesticides, for Which Guideline Values Have Been Established, in Water
Purification Processes
Activated
Carbon
Adsorption
Pesticide
Chlorination
Coagulation
Ozonization
C
(μg/L)
C
(μg/L)
C
(μg/L)
C
(μg/L)
R (%)
R (%)
R (%)
R (%)
Alachlor
>80
<1
>50
Aldicarb
>80
<1
>80
<1
>80
Aldrin/dieldrin
>50
>80
<0.02
>80
<0.02
Atrazine
Limited
>80
<0.1
>50
Carbofuran
Limited
>80
<1
Chlordane
>80
<0.1
>80
<0.1
Chlorotoluron
>80
<0.1
>80
<0.1
Cyanazine
>80
<0.1
Limited
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid
Limited
>80
<1
>80
<1
1,2-DCP
>80
<1
Dimethoate
>80
<1
>50
>50
Endrin
Limited
>80
<0.2
Isoproturon
>50
>80
<0.1
>80
<0.1
Lindane
>80
<0.1
>50
MCPA
>80
<0.1
>80
<0.1
Mecoprop
>80
<0.1
>80
<0.1
Methoxychlor
>50
>80
<0.1
Metolachlor
>80
<0.1
Simazine
Limited
>80
<0. 1
>80
<0.1
>80
<0.1
Terbuthylazine
>
80
<
0.1
Source:
World Health Organization. 2008. Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, 3rd ed., Vol. 1,
Recommendations.
http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/gdwq3rev/en/
(accessed 28
January 2011).
R, removal rate of pesticide in percentage; C,concentration of pesticide that should be achievable; a blank
entry indicates that the process is completely ineffective or that data on the effectiveness are not
available.
are presented in Table 9.6, adapted from Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality (World
Health Organization 2008) where only some pesticides for which guideline values have
been established are listed.
Chlorination is employed primarily for microbial disinfection. However, chlorine also
acts as an oxidant and can remove or assist in the removal of some easily oxidized pes-
ticides such as aldicarb, dimethoate, and some OPPs pesticides (Acero et al. 2008; Duirk
et al. 2010). It is not particularly effective in pesticide removal and has the disadvantage
of producing halogenated products. Chlorine reacts mainly with aromatic systems and
double bonds, leading to pesticide transformation and, in some cases, the formation of
halogenated organic compounds, some of which exhibit a potentially carcinogenic activity
(Singer and Reckhow 1999).
Coagulation is the least efficient treatment of those pesticides mentioned in Table 9.6,
being efficient for only a few pesticides, regardless of the amount of coagulant employed.
Most pesticides are not removed or transformed during physicochemical treatments such
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