Historical Use of Chlorinated Solvents and Their Stabilizing Compounds - Environmental Investigation and Remediation - page 43

TABLE 1.21 (continued)
Some Examples of General Citations of Stabilizers for the Major Solvents, by Year

Gregersen and Hansen (1986)
0.001-2% of bis(2-propyl)amine, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-phenol, butylene oxide, and ethyl acetate

Arena and Drew (1986)
Pentanol-2-triethanolamine; 2,2,4-trimethylpentene-1; and isobutanol
Dichloromethane

Gregersen and Hansen (1986)
Up to 1% phenol compounds, amines, epoxides, 1,4-dioxane, nitromethane, and methanol
20 ppm amylene, 50 ppm amylene, 0.2 wt% ethanol, or 150 ppm cyclohexane

Huntingtons Chemicals (2006)
Commercial methylene chloride is normally inhibited with small quantities of stabilizers (typically 0.005-0.2% by weight)
to prevent acidii cation and corrosion
Typical stabilizers are methanol, ethanol, amylene (2-methyl-but-2-ene), cyclohexane, or tertiary butylamine
Perchloroethylene

Gregersen and Hansen (1986)
0.1%, phenols, or mixtures of epoxides and esters

Morrison (2003)
Morpholine derivatives and mixtures of epoxides and esters

MDEQ (2004)
Dry-cleaning grade: 4-methylmorpholine, diallylamine, tripropylene, cyclohexene oxide, benzotriazole, and
β-ethoxypropylnitrile

Linn (2002)
DOWPER™ Solvent: 4-methylmorpholine
DOWPER™ CS Solvent (“charged solvent”): nonylphenol—4-mol ethylene oxide adduct (this was a solvent charged with
detergent; it is no longer on the market)
Vulcan Materials' PerSec: diallylamine and tripropylene compounds
PPG's dry-cleaning grade PCE: cyclohexene oxide and

-ethoxyproprinitrile
PPG Perchlor Type 236 Stabilizer Concentrate MSDS: cyclohexene oxide,

β

β -ethoxyproprinitrile, n -methyl morpholine, and

4-methoxyphenol

n -Propyl Bromide a

Sclar (1999)
<0.5% 1,2-butylene oxide, <2.5% 1,3-dioxolane, and <0.25% nitromethane

Cheap Solvents (2002)
20-30% dimethoxymethane, 15-20% 2-methyl-2-propanol, 5-8% 1,2-butylene oxide (Stabilizer Solvent is a concentrate to
refortify n PB for depleted stabilizers)

Petroferm, Inc. (2005)
10-15% 1,2-butylene oxide; 1-3% 2-methyl-2-propanol; and 1-3% dimethoxymethane

Swanson et al. (2002)
1,3-Dioxolane and 1,2-butylene oxide in n PB adhesive; contains 3% stabilizer

nPB is n-propyl bromide, a recently introduced replacement solvent for methyl chloroform.

a