The Toxicology of 1,4-Dioxane - Environmental Investigation and Remediation - page 248

TABLE 5.4 (continued)
Genotoxicity Studies with 1,4-Dioxane

Results

Without
Activation

With
Activation Test System Endpoint Test Conditions References

CHO cells Chromosomal aberration 5-h pulse treatment, 20-h pulse and continuous treatments,

or 44-hour continuous treatment; cells were harvested
20 or 44 h following exposure

Morita and Hayashi
(1998)

− −

CHO cells Micronucleus formation 5-h pulse treatment or 44-h continuous treatment; cells

were harvested 42 h following exposure

− − Morita and Hayashi

(1998)

Laboratory Animal Studies

Male F344 rat DNA repair in hepatocytes

(autoradiography)

Gavage and drinking-water exposure; thymidine
incorporation

ND Goldsworthy et al.

(1991)

−

Male F344 rat Replicative DNA synthesis (i.e.,

cell proliferation) in hepatocytes

Gavage and drinking-water exposure; thymidine
incorporation

+ (1-2-week
exposure)

ND Goldsworthy et al.

(1991)

Male F344 rat DNA repair in nasal epithelial

cells from the nasoturbinate or
maxilloturbinate

Gavage and drinking-water exposure; thymidine
incorporation

− ND Goldsworthy et al.

(1991)

Male F344 rat Replicative DNA synthesis (i.e.,

cell proliferation) in nasal
epithelial cells

Drinking-water exposure; thymidine incorporation ND Goldsworthy et al.

(1991)

−

Female Sprague Dawley rat DNA damage; single-strand

breaks measured by alkaline
elution

Two gavage doses given 21 and 4 h prior to sacrii ce + ND Kitchin and Brown

(1990)

Male Sprague Dawley rat RNA synthesis; inhibition of

RNA polymerase A and B

i.v. injection; activity measured in isolated hepatocytes ND Kurl et al. (1981)

+

Male F344 rat DNA synthesis in hepatocytes Gavage; thymidine and BrdU incorporation ND Miyagawa et al. (1999)

+

Male F344 rat DNA synthesis in hepatocytes Thymidine incorporation ND Uno et al. (1994)

±