Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Sleep ragmentation
f
e
Behavioral
s
leep restriction
.g. OSA
e
.g. Adverse working hours
Sleep deficit
Sleep deficit
Endothelial dysfunction
Endothelial dysfunction
Expression of adhesion molecules
Expression of adhesion molecules
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease
Fig. 5
Sleep loss, adhesion molecule expression and cardiovascular disease. h e diagram shows
the possible relationship between sleep deprivation and cardiovascular disease (M.A. Miller,
unpublished). OSA, obstructive sleep apnoea.
7. Relationships between sE-selectin and blood pressure appear to be
strongest in young women and may relate to menopausal status.
8. Ethnic dif erences in circulating adhesion molecules and the relationship
with MetS have been reported and need further investigation.
9. Expression of cellular adhesion molecules is increased by activation of the
nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) pathway.
10. Adhesion molecule activation may play a role in the observed association
between short sleep duration and CVD.
Acknowledgements
With thanks to Professor F.P. Cappuccio for his collaborative support and S.P.
Miller for the computer-generated images used in Fig. 2.
