Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
and
Sambucus
(
Caprifoliaceae
);
Anthoxanthum, Axonopus, Brachiaria, Bromus, Echinochloa,
Eleusine, Oryzopsis, Panicum, Paspalum, Phalaris, Pennisetum, Setaria, Sorghastrum, Sorghum
and
Sporobolus
(Poaceae);
Anemone, Aquilegia, Caltha, Clematis, Eranthis, Nigella, Paeonia
and
Thalictrum
(Ranunculaceae);
Anthriscus, Apium, Coriandrum, Daucus, Eryngium, Foeniculum,
Levisticum, Pastinaca, Petroselinum, Trachymene
and
Pimpinella
(Apiaceae);
Citrullus,
Cucumis, Cucurbita
and
Luffa
(Cucurbitaceae);
Corchorus, Sparmannia
and
Tilia
(Tiliaceae);
Cuphea
(Lythraceae);
Dicentra, Eschscholzia
and
Hunnemannia
(Papaveraceae);
Diodia,
Galium
and
Nertera
(Rubiaceae);
Ginkgo
(Ginkgoaceae);
Gomphocarpus
(Asclepiadaceae);
Nymphaea
(Nymphaeaceae);
Pittosporum
(Pittosporaceae);
Polygonum
(Polygonaceae);
Rhamnus
(Rhamnaceae);
Tetragonia
(Aizoaceae);
Tradescantia
(Commelinaceae)].
h. Almost full depth through the midsection of the embryonic axis and into the nutritive tissue
within the basal half. Spread the cut surfaces of large seeds to expose the embryonic struc-
tures [
Andropogon, Axonopus, Beckmannia, Avena, Bouteloua, Bromus, Cynosurus, Dactylis,
Elymus, Festuca, Hordeum, Leersia, Lolium, Oryza, Oryzopsis, Pennisetum, Sorghum
and
Triticum
(Poaceae);
Hyoscyamus
(Solanaceae)].
i. Off-center through seed coat and nutritive tissues to expose the outline of the intact embryo
[
Hosta
(Liliaceae);
Juniperus
(Cupressaceae);
Belamcanda
(Iridaceae);
Lolium
(Poaceae);
most Pinaceae;
Plantago
(Plantaginaceae);
Nertera
(Rubiaceae);
Sequoia
(Taxodiaceae); and
Hedychium
(Zingiberaceae)].
j. The entire length through the midsection. Adjust the slope of the cut to avoid cutting into the
embryonic axis at the basal end while cutting full depth at the distal end [
Ribes
(Saxifragaceae);
Camellia
(Theaceae)
Verbena
(Verbenaceae); most Asteraceae, Ulmaceae, Fagaceae,
Hydrophyllaceae, Similiceae, Rosaceae, Papaveraceae, Ranunculaceae, Scrophulariaceae and
Lamiaceae;
Lilium
(Liliaceae)].
k. The entire length through the midsection. Expose the intact embryo by spreading the cut sur-
faces suficiently apart to tear the nutritive tissues that surround the embryo [most Tiliaceae and
Apiaceae].
l. Almost full depth through the midsection, then spread the cut surfaces slightly apart [
Dodecatheon
(Primulaceae);
Portulaca
(Portulacaceae);
Fagopyrum, Rheum
and
Rumex
(Polygonaceae);
Lewisia
(Portulaceae); and
Callicarpa
(Verbenaceae)].
m. The entire length and almost full depth, starting at the midsection of the curved back and cutting
toward the radicle and cotyledon tips [most Carophyllaceae and Solanaceae;
Zea
(Poaceae)].
n. The entire length and almost full depth, near to and parallel with the lat surfaces [e.g.,
Lagenaria;
Citrullus, Cucumis; Cucurbita
and
Luffa
(Cucurbitaceae)].
o. The full depth in the midsection between the lat sides of the distal half [
Asphodelus
and
Allium
(Liliaceae)].
p. Along the entire length and almost full depth, starting in the crease [
Ranunculus
(Ranunculaceae);
Magnolia
(Magnoliaceae);
Cerastium
(Caryophyllaceae)].
q. The entire length and almost full depth, starting in the midsection of the edge containing the
radicle and cotyledon tips [
Coffea
(Rubiaceae);
Osmanthus
(Oleaceae)].
7. Cut seed laterally
a. Slightly above the embryo, full depth from the midsection outward to
one side [most grasses (Poaceae);
Pittosporum
(Pittosporaceae)]. See
illustration.
b. At full depth from the center of the seed outward between the radicle
and the cotyledons [
Cannabis
(Moraceae);
Herniaria, Sagina
and
Saponaria
(Caryophyllaceae);
Portulaca
(Portulaceae); most Liliaceae,
