Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 1
Needle Cast Fungi, which form ascospores in
hysterothecia, elongate apothecia opening with a cleft.
Bifusella
, spores constricted in middle;
Elytroderma
,
fusiform spores;
Hypoderma
, short fusiform spores;
Hypodermella
, spores tapering at base;
Lophodermium
,
ascus with filiform spores, and paraphyses
by dusky brown hysterothecia (apothecia with
a covering), with maturing ascospores the second
summer.
Fusarium lateritium
Needle Cast
on
Torreya
taxifolia
.
Hypoderma
Canavirgella
Ascomycetes, Rhytismatales
Canavirgella banfieldii
Needle Cast
of pine.
Hysterothecia elliptical to oblong, opening by a
cleft; asci long-stalked, spores hyaline, fusiform,
surrounded by a gelatinous sheath (see
Fig. 1
).
Hypoderma desmazierii (see
Elytroderma
Meloderma
desmazierii
).
Needle Cast
,
Tar Spot
of pines,
most frequent on eastern white pine.
Hypoderma hedgecockii
▶
Ascomycetes, Rhytismatales
Ascospores two-celled, broadly fusiform (
Fig. 1
).
Elytroderma deformans
Needle Cast
,
Witches' Broom
on Coulter, ponderosa,
lodgepole, Jeffrey, pinon, and Jack pines. Elon-
gated dull, dark hysterothecia are on both leaf
surfaces. The tissues of ponderosa and Jeffrey
pines may be penetrated and loose witches'
broom formed. Saplings may have entire crown
converted; they die or make little growth.
Ploioderma
hedgecockii
).
Needle Cast
of hard pines,
(see
▶
in
southeastern states.
Hypoderma lethali (see
Ploioderma lethale
).
Gray Blight
,
Needle Cast
of hard pines, from
New England to Gulf states.
Hypoderma robustum (see
▶
Virgella robusta
).
Needle Cast
of Firs, in West, usually white fir.
Meloderma desmazierii (formerly
Hypoderma
desmazierii
).
Needle Cast
,
Tar Spot
of pines,
most frequent on eastern white pine. Infected
needles are at first yellow, then reddish brown,
and finally deep brown with a grayish cast.
The tips are infected first,
▶
Fusarium
Blights
.
the fungus being
▶
