Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Therefore the emissions can be calculated as:
Natural gas = 6 10
4
GJ × 50.44 kg/GJ = 3.03 10
6
kg
●
Fermentation tanks = 0.2 × 0.02 kg/liter × 50 × 10
6
liter/year = 2.00 10
5
kg
●
Diesel trucks = 71,418 gallon × 3.8 liter/gallon × 2.678 kg/liter = 7.27 10
5
kg
●
Gasoline = 10,714 gallon × 3.8 liter/gallon × 2.34 kg/liter = 9.53 10
4
kg
●
Refrigerant leakage = 1,300 × (40 lb × 1kg/2.2 lb + 20 vehicle × 1 kg/vehicle × 0.15) = 2.75
10
4
kg of CO
2
equivalent
●
Electricity = 60 MWh × 0.69 tonne/MWh = 4.14 10
4
kg
●
Employee air travel = 4,150 miles × 5 passengers × (0.2 kg of CO
2
eq/passenger km) ×
(1.6 km/mile) = 6.6 10
3
kg
●
Outsourced midsize trucks = (1.6 10
6
/5.5 km/liter ) × 2.678 kg/liter = 7.82 10
5
kg
●
The emission sources and quantities consumed in a year are listed as follows:
Direct emissions (Scope I)
Natural gas
3.03 10
6
kg
CO
2
from fermentation tanks
2.00 10
5
kg
Vehicle fleet
Diesel (large trucks)
7.27 10
5
kg
Gasoline
9.53 10
4
kg
Refrigerant leakage (R-134a)
2.75 10
4
kg
Indirect emissions (Scope II)
Purchased electricity
4.14 10
4
kg
Indirect emissions (Scope III)
●
Employee air travel
6.64 10
3
kg
●
Emissions of midsize trucks
7.82 10
5
kg
----------------
Total emissions for year 2007
4.97 10
6
kg
The total carbon emission of this hypothetical company expressed as carbon dioxide
equivalent is 4.97 10
6
kg per year or 4,970 metric tons.
ISO 14064
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) made available in 2006 the standard
ISO 14064 that establishes a framework for GHGs inventories and verifications. The ISO
14064 is a voluntary standard that consist of three parts:
Part 1, ISO 14064-1:2006, establishes principles for quantification and reporting of GHG
emissions and removals at the organizational level. It provides guidelines on how to set the
boundaries, identify the emissions, quantify the emissions, and report the results.
●
Part 2, ISO 14064-2:2006, provides guidelines at the project level for quantification,
monitoring, and reporting of GHG emission for initiatives intended to cause a reduction or
removal of GHGs.
●
Part 3, ISO 14064-3:2006, specifies guidance to conduct validation and verification of
GHG assertions either by an independent third-party verifier or by internal auditors.
●
