Glossary - Afforestation, Reforestation and Forest Restoration in Arid and Semi-arid Tropics - page 254

Contour vegetative hedge A linear growth of vegetation consisting of small trees,
shrubs or legumes, or other perennials running on a contour and acting as a barrier to
soil erosion. Since a vegetative hedge lasts longer than other barriers like excavated
trenches or dikes of stones, these are often created in conjunction with the latter. The
bund of a contour trench or a V-ditch is sown with seeds of shrubs and trees, at a
close spacing, so that eventually as the soil bund fuses into the ground the vegetative
hedge emerges to become a permanent soil-and-water-conservation structure.

Control registers Registers of office record wherein quantities of items of work
executed, or materials procured and utilised, are recorded in order to keep a watch
on these.

Coppice Regrowth of a plant from its stump when it has been cut. A tree should be
cut close to ground level for early and strong coppice. Not all plants will coppice,
whereas certain plants will coppice more vigorously than others.

Coppicing power Ability and vigour of a plant to send out coppice shoots after
being cut.

CPM ⇒ Critical path method

Critical path In network analysis of projects, the path on which all the activities
have a zero slack. Any delay in completion of one of these activities will result in a
missed project deadline.

Critical path method A technique employing networks as means of analysis of
the temporal and sequential relationships among the various activities of a complex
project. Critical path is the path on which all the activities are critically time dependent
so that any delay in any one of these will delay the end result of the project. Hence
the name of the method.

Critical path network A graphical representation of the time sequencing relation-
ships among the different activities of a project, designed to bring out the critical
path activities that are crucial for the project to be completed in time. The network
consists of nodes representing activities and lines indicating precedence relationships
among these.

Cross section of stream Profile of ground in the direction perpendicular to flow of
a stream at a given point. The cross section helps in planning of a structure across
the stream, such as a stopdam, an earthen embankment, or a drop weir.

⇒ L-section

of a stream.

Culling Removing or rejecting the inferior specimens of plants. It prevents inferior
plant material from reaching the plantation site.

Culm The individual stem or stalk in a clump. Specifically, the monocotyledonous
stem of bamboo or grass.
Cut and carry The system of harvesting produce, especially grass and forage tops,
where the beneficiary cuts the produce in a prescribed manner and carries home for