Application of Sweeteners in Food and Drinks - Sweeteners: Nutritional Aspects, Applications, and Production Technology - page 248

table 8.6 Maximum permitted Limits of artiicial Sweeteners in Mi l k and Dairy products in the eU

Milk and Milk Derivative-Based
Drinks energy reduced a or with
No added Sugar b (mg/L)

Milk and Milk Derivative-Based
preparations energy reduced a or
with No added Sugar b (mg/L)

Sweeteners

Acesulfame K (E 950) 350 350

Aspartame (E 951) 600 1000

Cyclamic acid (E 952) 400 250

Saccharine and its Ca, Na, and
K salts (E 954)

80 100

Neohesperidine DC (E 959) 50 50

Source: Official Journal of the European Union, 1994; No. L 237/5. With permission.
a Without any added monosaccharides, disaccharides, or any other foodstuff used for its sweetening properties.
b With an energy value reduced by at least 30% compared with the original foodstuff or a similar product.

Theuseofsweetenersincombinationofferssomeadvantagesovertheirsingleapplications.These
include better stability, improved sweetness, and reduced costs (Reis et al. 2011; Portman and
Kilcast 1998). The technological and legal limitations must be considered in deciding the upper
limits of artiicial sweeteners. Maximum permitted limits of no-calorie sweeteners in milk and
milk-derivedproductsbytheEUarepresentedinTable8.6.Additionally,sweetenersauthorized
byEUregulationsmustcomplywiththespeciicpuritycriteriadeinedbyDirective2008/60/EC.

8.28 SpOrtS aND eNerGY DrINKS

Thecategoryofsportsandenergydrinksoccupiesanimportantplaceinthebeverageindustry.
Ithasbeenagrowingmarketoverthelasttwodecadesthatattractsmainlyyoungconsumersbutnot
necessarilyathletesorexercisingindividuals.Themainnaturalandartiicialsweetenersusedinthese
drinksarepresentedinTable8.7.Itshouldbeemphasizedthat,althoughtheuseofthesesweetenersis
similarforbothsportsandenergydrinks,theseproductshavesomedistinctdifferences.
Energy drinks, except for carbohydrates, contain caffeine in various quantities (70-200 mg
per16oz.ofserving),glucuronolactone,aminoacidssuchastaurineandL-carnitine,severalherb
extractssuchasguarana,ginseng,andginkgobiloba,andvariousB-complexvitamins(Higgins,
Tuttle,andHiggins2010).Mainlybecauseoftheircaffeineandherbextractcontents,energydrinks
havebeencriticized,andcertainconcernshavebeenraisedconcerningsafety(Clausonetal.2008;

table 8.7 Natural and artiicial Sweeteners that
are Used in Sports and energy Drinks
Glucose (Dextrose)
Sucrose
Fructose
Maltodextrin
Glucose syrup
High-fructose corn syrup
Saccharin
Sucralose
Trehalose
Aspartame
Acesulfame potassium (ACE K)
Truvia
Rebiana