Other Sweeteners - Sweeteners: Nutritional Aspects, Applications, and Production Technology - page 183

1. Ownersofspeciicstaidinmanufacturingplants,aswellassecond-categorydistillersandvinegarpro-
ducers, who intend to process dry or fresh raisins for staidin manufacture should inform the GCSL
beforetheirstofAugusteveryyeariftheyintendtostartproductionandshouldlistthefollowing:
• Thenameoftheplantandtheowner

• Thelocationoftheplant

• Themachinery used fortheproduction andall industrial installations, including thenumber

andcapacityofthetanksandcontainersused

• Thedailyproductivityandyieldinready-to-usestaidin

• Themethodofproductionandthenameoftheproduct

2. TheGCSLapprovesthelicenseforthemanufactureofstaidinfromdryorfreshraisinsifthefol-
lowingconditionsapply:
• Theplanthasthespeciicmachineryforraisinextraction

• Theproductivityisatleast300kgdaily

• Theplantadoptsgoodmanufacturingandhygienicpractices

3. Iftheapplicationissenttotheprefectures,thentheGCSLsendschemiststoconductanauditand
ileareportforlicensepermission.

4. Thelicensecanbewithdrawnincasetherulesmentionedabovearenotsatisiedwithajointmin-
isterial decision from the Ministries of Agriculture and Finance and an opinion by the Supreme
ChemicalCouncil.

7.1.4.4 Speciic Mixing of Sugars

IntheapplicationiledwiththeGCSL,theamount(inliters)ofliquidextractormustfromfresh
raisinsandthequantity,whichshouldnotbebelow1000L,shouldbestated.Thesugarpercentage
andthecorrespondingweightshouldalsobestatedin°Baumeandinkilograms,aswellasthetotal
acidity,whichshouldnotbeallowedtobehigherthan1%,expressedastartaricacid.
Thespeciicmixingofdryraisinliquidextractormustfromfreshraisinstoproducestaidinis
carriedoutwiththeadditionofpuredextrinpreviouslydilutedinwarmwaterandataratioof1kg
ofdextrinto1000Lofmixedliquid.

7.2 SYKIN FrOM FIGS

The common ig ( Ficus carica ) is a large, deciduous shrub or small tree native to southwest
Asia andtheMediterraneanregion(fromAfghanistantoPortugal).Itgrowstoaheightof6.9-10 m
(23-33 ft) tall with smooth, gray bark. The leaves are 12-25 cm (4.7-9.8 in) long and 10-18 cm
(3.9-7.1in)acrossandaredeeplylobedwiththreeorivelobes.Thefruitis3-5cm(1.2-2in)long
with a green skin, sometimes ripening toward purple or brown (Figure 7.4). The sap of the ig's
greenpartsisanirritanttohumanskin(PurdueUniversity2011).
The common ig is widely known for its edible fruit throughout its natural growing range in
the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern regions, Iran, Pakistan, Greece, and northern India and
alsoinotherareasoftheworldwithasimilarclimate,includingArkansas,Louisiana,California,
Georgia,Oregon,Texas,SouthCarolina,andWashingtonintheUnitedStates;southwesternBritish
ColumbiainCanada;Durango,NuevoLeón,andCoahuilainnortheasternMexico;aswellasareas
inArgentina,Australia,Chile,andSouthAfrica.
Figscanalsobefoundincontinentalclimatesthathavehotsummers,asfarnorthasHungary
andMoravia,andcanbeharvesteduptofourtimesperyear.Thousandsofcultivars,mostnamed,
have been developed or come into existence as human migration brought the ig to many places
outsideitsnaturalrange.Fighasbeenanimportantfoodcropforthousandsofyearsandwasalso
thoughttobehighlybeneicialinthediet.