Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
that might also be present in the biological system is not possible. Unlike MRM/SRM
modes, the high-resolution (HR) full scan MS analysis detects ionized compounds in
a single run. The selectivity is obtained after acquisition by searching for a speci
c
molecular mass. Identi
cation of biomarkers or untargeted compounds is possible
after getting the mass spectra with high mass accuracy at suf
cient mass resolution. In
this case, the analyzer
is resolution is the determining factor; it provides precise
measurements of accurate mass for each analyte ion.
High mass resolution can be achieved by sophisticated mass analyzers such as
time-of-
'
Orbitrap), and Fourier
transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometers, as discussed in
Chapter 2. These instruments play a key role in the detection of analytes with minute
differences in their masses [5
ight (ToF), Fourier transform orbital trap (FTMS
-
9]. These have been applied to a diverse set of
experiments ranging from metabolomic analyses to clinical proteomics [10
-
-
13].
Now their use is expanding into the
field of food safety [14,15]. Along with other
R&D laboratories working on such issues, we at ANSES
Fougères are using high-
resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) to develop analyses of residues of different
classes of VMPRs in complex biological matrices and to screen them in the full scan
mode.
In addition to several EU National Reference Laboratories (NRLs), our laboratory
aims to develop a simple and rapid extraction method followed by trace-level
identification of VMPRs in different complex biological matrices. In this program,
as part of ANSES analytical research activity, we focus on the process(es) of
identi
—
cation of nontargeted veterinary drug metabolites in bio-origin products.
The methodology that we consider here for the near future would allow specialized
laboratories to control via high-throughput screening a large number of regulated
compounds through a quick, one-day/one-shot analysis to build consumers
'
con
-
dence on the safety of the food placed into the market.
Unambiguous identi
cation of all nontargeted drug metabolites, except those of
simple known drug modi
cations (e.g., oxidation, reduction, and acetylation), in a
given complex biological matrix, is still a challenging task for food testing
laboratories. However, some challenges can be soon overcome with the following
approach:
Obtaining high-resolution mass measurement of VMPR analytes in full scan MS
and MS/MS modes.
H]
ions in full scan
mode and product ions in MS/MS mode with mass error
H]
+
or [M
Knowing elemental composition of [M
+
<
2 ppm.
Data processing through specialized software to
nd
fingerprinting biomarkers.
Synthesizing standards of suspected compounds.
Comparison of mass spectral data of suspected samples with the standard
compound.
First, this chapter focuses on the issues associated with the analysis of veterinary
drug residues in various foods and the regulations that govern it. Then we present
