Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
positive rate of PCB 004 was the highest (38.7%), the positive rates of PCB
084, PCB 102, and PCB 190 were the lowest (0.3%), and the difference
between them was 129 times; the average concentration of PCB 074 was the
highest (22.3
μ
g/kg), the average concentration of PCB 102 was the lowest
g/kg), and the difference between them was 5.6 times.
5.
Other Pesticides:
A total of 27 kinds: chlorothalonil, ethoprophos, nithophen,
pyridaben, butachlor, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, tri
(4.0
μ
uthrin, methami-
dophos, alachlor, parathion-methyl, pirimicarb, carbofuran, endosulfan I, endo-
sulfan II, cypermethrin, prometryne, fenvalerate 1, fenvalerate 2, buprofezin,
lambda-cyhalothrin, tricyclazole, dicofol, triazophos, chlordimeform, delta-
methrin, oxy
uralin, cy
uorfen, and metolachlor; among them, the positive rate of dicofol
was the highest (42.3%), the positive rates of pyridaben, alachlor, prometryne,
and lambda-cyhalothrin were the lowest (0.2%), and the difference between
them was 212 times; the average concentration of chlorothalonil was the
highest (7122
μ
g/kg), the average concentration of tricyclazole was the lowest
(0.9
μ
g/kg), and the difference between them was 8187 times.
Among these chemical pollutants, DDT, HCH, HCB, acenaphthylene, anthracene,
benzo(
a
)anthracene, benzo(
a
)pyrene, benzo(
b
)
uoranthene, benzo(
g
,
h
,
i
)perylene,
benzo(
k
fluoranthene, fluoranthene, fluorine, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene
had higher positive rates (
50%); chlorothalonil, 4,4
´
-DDE, endrin, phthalic acid bis-
2-ethylhexyl ester, alachlor, triazophos,
trans
-chlordane,
>
β
-HCH, nithophen, oxy-
fluorfen, methamidophos, ethoprophos,
δ
-HCH, parathion-methyl, phenanthrene,
uoranthene, benzo(
k
)
uoranthene,
cis
-chlordane, and pyrene had higher average
concentrations (
g/kg).
From the statistical results above, the average positive rates of PAHs were the
highest, those of POPs were the second, and those of other pesticides and PCBs were the
lowest; the average concentrations of POPs, PAEs, and other pesticides were higher
than those of others and the average concentrations of PCBs were the lowest. Therefore,
comparing
>
100
μ
ve types of chemical pollutants, POPs had higher average positive rates and
average concentrations. Although PAHs had the highest average positive rates, their
average concentrations were not high. In PAEs, the average positive rate and average
concentration of phthalic acid bis-2-ethylhexyl ester were higher. The average positive
rate and average concentration of PCBs were very low. The average positive rates of
other pesticides were also very low, but their average concentrations were higher than
those of others, for example, the average concentration of chlorothalonil was the highest
in all detected chemical pollutants (7122
g/kg). 4,4
´
-DDE,
μ
β
-HCH, phenanthrene,
fluoranthene, and pyrene were themost noteworthy pollutants, as
their positive rates and average concentrations were very high.
uoranthene, benzo(
k
)
5.4 CONCLUSIONS
This chapter compares different extraction solvents, sample extraction methods, and
cleanup methods and analyzes environmental pollutants by homogeneous extraction
