Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
1
1
a)
b)
δ = 84
δ = 100
0.1
0.1
0.01
0.01
1E-3
1E-3
0
1
2
3
4
0
1
2
3
4
q (nm
-1
)
q (nm
-1
)
1
c)
d)
δ
= 57.1
δ
= 47.6
1
0.1
0.1
0.01
0.01
1E-3
0
1
2
3
4
0
1
2
3
4
q (nm
-1
)
q (nm
-1
)
Figure 5 Effect of solubilized n-tetradecane content on the scattering curves of MLO-
based emulsified systems at 251C (thin lines) and those of the nondispersed bulk
sample with excess water (thick lines): (a)
d
¼
100, (b)
d
¼
84, (c)
d
¼
57.1,
and (d)
d
¼
47.6. Intensities were normalized by the respective MLO + TC
concentration
ratio is maintained; that is, TC does not separate from MLO to form normal
emulsion droplets in addition to the EME, despite the high-energy input of the
dispersion procedure. Moreover, the polymer used to stabilize the particles does
not disturb the internal structure. Stability tests of the dispersions do not show
any change in the internal structure of the dispersions after four months storage
at room temperature. Indeed, Figure 6 shows control of stability against ageing
for two different oil-loaded dispersions (hexosomes and EME systems). This
means that the addition of TC to monoglyceride + water mixtures leads to the
ability to form confined nanoscaled tuneable hierarchical structures. The inter-
nal structure of the dispersed particles can then easily be tuned by adding a
certain amount of TC at a certain temperature. As already found by SAXS, a
low amount of added TC (
d
¼
84) induces the formation of an H
2
internal
particle structure (hexosomes). As shown in Figure 7, the particles exhibit
internal arrangements of hexagonal symmetry and/or curved striations, which
indicates the formation of hexosomes. As observed for hexosomes at high
temperatures without oil, and in contrast to cubosomes, there are no vesicles or
only very few vesicles coexisting with these hexosomes. The FFT of the internal
H
2
phase reveals a characteristic spatial distance of
5.6 nm, leading to a lattice
B
parameter of
6.5 nm, in good agreement with the SAXS analysis.
B
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