Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 7.16
Initial Physical Characterization and Nutrient Composition of
the POPILE Soil Used in Control and Amended Troughs of the
Bioaugmentation Pilot Study
Test/Compound
Trough 1
Trough 2
Trough 3
Cation exchange capacity (meq/100 g)
13
23
25
Soil buffer capacity
4.57E-04
8.48E-04
2.91E-03
Field moisture capacity (FMC)
23%
45%
45%
pH
8
8
8
Total phosphate (TP)
500
600
600
Total organic carbon (TOC)
21,500
46,700
31,500
Table 7.17
Initial Soil Concentrations of PAHs in the Troughs
Contaminant
Trough 1
Trough 2
Trough 3
Naphthalene (two ring)
938 ± 59
40 ± 13
14 ± 5
2-Methylnaphthalene (two ring)
726 ± 34
94 ± 23
33 ± 11
Acenaphthylene (three ring)
19 ± 1
14 ± 1
14 ± 1
Acenaphthene (three ring)
837 ± 43
682 ± 21
685 ± 65
Fluorene (three ring)
969 ± 55
780 ± 28
782 ± 87
Phenanthrene (three ring)
2696 ± 215
2156 ± 87
2172 ± 190
Anthracene (three ring)
1129 ± 50
1002 ± 67
941 ± 156
Fluoranthene (four ring)
1498 ± 118
1274 ± 95
1288 ± 121
Pyrene (four ring)
947 ± 48
707 ± 31
744 ± 78
Chrysene (four ring)
a
235 ± 15
184 ± 8
190 ± 20
Benzo(a)anthracene (four ring)
a
226 ± 10
173 ± 9
175 ± 17
Benzo(b)fluoranthene (five ring)
a
70 ± 2
57 ± 4
61 ± 5
Benzo(k)fluoranthene (five ring)
a
64 ± 4
53 ± 3
56 ± 4
Benzo(a)pyrene (five ring)
a
53 ± 2
44 ± 2
46 ± 3
Indeno(1,2,3)pyrene (six ring)
a
24 ± 0
21 ± 1
22 ± 1
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene (six ring)
a
5 ± 0
4 ± 0
4 ± 0
Benzo(g,h,i)pyrene (six ring)
a
15 ± 1
12 ± 1
12 ± 1
Total PAH
10,470 ± 577
7297 ± 314
7239 ± 716
Total BaP Equivalents
91
74
77
Note
: Error is calculated at the 95% confidence level, n = 5.
a
Indicates a BaP toxic equivalent compound.
An apparent intial increase in the concentration of soil PAH lasted 5
months in trough 1 and 4 months in troughs 2 and 3. The increase is probably
a result of the weekly tilling; however, experimental treatments could have
affected the duration of this lag. Microbiological and enzymatic data from
this period suggest that the microbial communities in troughs 2 and 3, as
well as increasing biomass, were undergoing extensive modifications of gene
expression that would allow them to use both the newly available nitrogen
source and the PAH compounds as carbon sources (Perkins et al., 2001). The
degradation of the individual BaP toxic equivalent homologues in each of
