Analysis 02: OWF Effect on the Ocean - On the Effect of Offshore Wind Farms on the Atmosphere and Ocean Dynamics - page 110

Fig. 5.39 Effect of 12-turbine wind farm on the ocean with depth of 30 m. Shown variables are
velocity component u surface (a1-a3), velocity component w (b1-b3), and temperature (c1-c3).
Illustrations (a1)-(c1) picture horizontal effect at the surface, respectively 2 m for velocity
component w ;(a2)-(c2) gives the x -section from W to E, and (a3)-(c3) y -section from S to N
through the OWF along solid lines in horizontal plot. OWF is placed around P (0,0)
Figure 5.40a illustrates discrepancies of the u -component between simulation
HD60 and HD30 at three points, within the OWF ( P 3), south ( P 1) and north ( P 2) of
OWF along cross-section S-N through the OWF (exact positions of P 1, P 2, P 3 are
illustrated in Sect. 9.2 ). The points are chosen based on the position of extrema. At
the wake flanks, the two simulations are highly correlated by around 0.97 with low
biases of 0.009 m/s at P 1 and 0.003 m/s at P 2. Within the OWF in the wake area, at
P 3, the correlations are weaker, as expected due to Fig. 5.39 a1-a3. Here, 0.898
correlates HD60 with HD30, biased by 0.013 m/s, while HD30 shows a stronger
wake. Above thermocline (above 12 m), runs HD60 and HD30 agree well; below
thermocline, a shallower water strengthens the vertical motion. The OWF effect in
case HD30 is reduced at the bottom due to friction, while HD60 is unpersuaded by
bottom friction in that depth.
The occurrence of vertical motion has the same distribution in the horizontal for
both ocean depth cases. Also, the vertical cells range from surface to bottom in both
cases, but in run HD30, the vertical cells are smoother in the vertical and clearly