Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
more than 9.9 billion yuan. Of the funds, the central government accounted for 3.21
billion Yuan, and local governments invested more than 5 billion yuan, while funds
invested by enterprises and other sources totaled nearly 1.7 billion Yuan.
Through the implementation of the special project, an important breakthrough
was made with key technology for source-control emissions reduction, providing
support for the reduction of main pollutant emissions. As for heavily polluting
industries—petrochemicals, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, food processing, printing
and papermaking—a technological breakthrough in water pollution control pro-
cesses allowed the country to exceed chemical oxygen demand emissions reduction
goals during the 11th Five-Year Plan and led to and improvement of the water
quality in key areas. In important areas, such as the three major rivers mentioned
above, demonstrative projects were conducted, realizing the goal reducing sewage
emissions by 130 million tons each year and cutting 111,000 t of chemical oxygen
demand emissions [
9
].
With regard to agricultural pollution, new advances are being made in
technologies such as livestock and poultry waste recycling and rural farmland
non-point source pollution control, and demonstrations have been conducted in
the River Taihu and the Lake Erhai, laying the foundation for conducting large-
scale non-point source pollution control and research during the 12th Five-Year
Plan period. In one project, farmland fertilizer usage was cut by 30 % in a
demonstration zone for comprehensive non-point source pollution prevention and
control in the rural villages and farmland in the Luoshijiang area north of Lake
Erhai. Within the demonstration area, the agricultural waste collection utilization
rate has reached 80 %, the erosion modulus in the slope soil was reduced by 35 %,
and the total nitrogen and total phosphorus of the demonstration non-point source
pollution load has been cut down.
In terms of urban sewage disposal, breakthroughs are being made in areas such
as sewage treatment, leading to a consistent improvement in urban water environ-
ment quality. A scheme to upgrade the standard stability of the A20, MBR and SBR
series has been formed. And 20 demonstration projects have been established in
the areas surrounding Lake Taihu and the Sea of Bohai. Also as many as 500 city
sewage disposal plants will be upgraded and reconstructed. Each year, 1.6 million
tons of COD, 541,000 t of ammonia and nitrogen and 141,000 t of total phosphorus
have been eliminated, which contributed to the goal of reducing chemical oxygen
demand in urban sewage disposal plants by 4.5 million tons of COD during the 11th
Five-Year Plan.
To assure safe drinking water, a series of technologies have been developed that
provide support for the transformation of water treatment plants and allow for
a rapid response to water pollution emergencies. With the aim of improving
supervision of the drinking water supply and shifting management from the central
to the local level, more than 40 key technologies have been developed, such as a
contaminated raw water purification disposal and distribution network.
In addition to many key technologies, some major techniques have been
implemented to improve water quality in vital areas. These techniques include
engineering, management
restructuring and systematic structural
integration.
