The Effect of Electric Current on Metals - Electrically Assisted Forming - page 47

Fig. 3.8 Experimental EAF flow stress results (Parameter Set 1)
Fig. 3.9 Isothermal versus EAF testing of Grade 5 Titanium [ 18 ]
3.3.3 Electrical Current Effects on Formability
With regard to material formability, ductile fracture is usually transgranular such
that failure occurs through the grains. Ductile fracture begins by the nucleation,
growth, and coalescence of micro-voids. The micro-voids are formed when a high