Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
type of bacterial anti-adhesion activity as when they are present on
heparin and/or functionalized dextran molecules, polymers that are
very different since they are soluble in a physiological environment.
PMMA- or PVC-based copolymers, exhibiting SO
3
-
and/or COO
-
groups, have been synthesized and tested in the presence of bacteria
involved in joint infections, in the presence or absence of Fn, Fg,
plasma and/or serum:
S. aureus
model and clinical strains.
This set of works has shown that:
-bacterial adhesion can be modulated by the chemical
composition of the surface in SO
3
-
and/or COO
-
groups [BER 02];
- the proteins present on the surface of these polymers had an
important role in bacterial adhesion [EVA 04];
- the main purpose of Fn was confirmed in the adhesion of
S.
aureus
to surfaces.
Only the presence of sulfonate groups on the surface of bioactive
polymers increases the inhibition properties of the bacterial adhesion
of
S. aureus
or MRSA [BER 02].
The results of these biological studies obtained
in vitro
on PMMA-
or PVC-based “bioactive” model polymers have led to the
continuation of this study by grafting these polymers onto prosthetic
polymer or metallic surfaces in order to test them
in vivo
and propose
“bioactive” implants or prostheses which are well or bio integrated
into biological tissue and/or prevent infections on the prostheses.
5.4. “Bioactive” prosthetic surfaces
5.4.1.
Introduction
In order to obtain bioactive prosthetic surfaces, “bioactive”
polymers were grafted onto the surface of prostheses or implants. The
biological activities which were initially observed
in vitro
on model
polymers have been confirmed first
in vitro
on surfaces, then
in vivo
on prosthetic surfaces grafted with bioactive polymers.
