Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
(a)
CO
2
GPX
Aconitase
MnSOD
PRX5
Mitochondria
Urate
Homolysis
GPX
HSA
Plasma
GSH
HbO
2
GPX
PRX2
Red blood cells
Mn"TE-2-PyP
Mn"'TE-2-PyP
Ebselen
FeTM-4-PyP
Synthetic molecules
10
3
10
4
10
5
10
6
10
7
10
8
k
(/M/s)
(b)
CO
2
GPX
Aconitase
MnSOD
PRX5
Mitochondria
Urate
Homolysis
GPX
HSA
Plasma
GSH
HbO
2
GPX
PRX2
Red blood cells
9400
Mn"TE-2-PyP
Mn"'TE-2-PyP
Ebselen
FeTM-4-PyP
Synthetic molecules
540
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
k
[
T
] (/s)
Figure 5.17.
Scavenging of peroxynitrite. *Homolysis is a first-order reaction and thus
cannot be plotted in this graph (adapted from Ferrer-Sueta and Radi [133] with the
permission of the American Chemical Society). See color insert.
in Figure 5.17, only a few biological targets have greater values than the range
of 60-100/second for CO
2
. These include HbO
2
, Prx2, and Mn
III
TE-2-PyP. Other
heme proteins such as Mn
II
TE-2-PyP, ebselen, and FeTM-4-Pyp have lower
values of [R]
k
than that of CO
2
but are significant [133].
Studies have reported the inactivation of several enzymes by peroxynitrite
(Table 5.8) [49, 211, 232, 240, 241, 247, 248, 256, 262, 264-266, 308-346]. It
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