Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
mean that more compact structures are formed, not only by a Coulomb force
between the phosphoric acid of DNA and the DEAE group of the DEAE-dextran
copolymer but also by a force from multi-intermolecule hydrogen bonding. It
indicates that DNA condensation may enable higher transfection efficiency. The
high transfection efficiency of this graft copolymer that can be autoclave-sterilized
makes it a valuable tool for safe gene delivery. DDMC was also very superior as a
drug delivery system. DDMC/PTX complex was obtained using paclitaxel as the
guest and DDMC as the host. The resulting nanoparticles were 200-300 nm in
diameter and are thought to be useful as an anticancer drug delivery system because
they form a stable polymeric micelle in water. The resistance of B16F10 melanoma
cells to paclitaxel was confirmed using survival curve analysis. The DDMC/PTX
complex showed superior anticancer activity to paclitaxel alone. The rate of
mortality of the cell was determined using Michaelis-Menten equations, as the
complex promoted an allosteric supramolecular reaction to tubulin. From our
results, the DDMC/PTX complex was not extensively degraded in cells and
achieved good efficacy as an intact supramolecular anticancer agent.
Dextran graft copolymers offer many opportunities for progress in various fields
of medicine.
Acknowledgements
This study is very thankful to the late Dr. Sadayoshi Kamia, professor
emeritus of Nara Medical University, for his study of the Bio-Plastics and to the late Dr. George
Butler, professor emeritus of University of Florida, for his encouragement and the education we
received.
References
1. Mino G, Kaizerman K (1958) Polymerization initiated by ceric ion redox systems. J Polym Sci
31:242-243
2. Ite F, Takayama Y (1961) Graft polymerization of MMA onto cellulose. J Chem Soc Jpn Ind
Chem Sect [Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi] 64:213-218
3. Nishiuchi T, Okazaki K (1972) Graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate onto starch and
triethylamino starch.
J Chem Soc Jpn Ind Chem Sect
[Nippon Kagaku Zasshi]
1972:1728-1734
4. Nishiuchi T, Okazaki K (1970) Graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate onto
carboxymethyl-cellulose. J Chem Soc Jpn Ind Chem Sect
[Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi]
73:2699-2703
5. Wallace RA, Yong DG (1966) Graft polymerization kinetics of acrylamide initiated by ceric
nitrate-dextran redox systems. J Polym Sci Polym Chem Ed A-1 1:1179-1190
6. Imai Y (1972) Anti-thrombogenic materials—role of heterogeneous surface microstructure.
Kobunshi 21:569-573
7. Onishi Y, Maruno S, Kamiya S, Hokkoku S, Hasegawa M (1978) Preparation and
characteristics of dextran-methyl methacrylate graft copolymer. Polymer 19:1325-1328
8. Onishi Y (1980) Effects of dextran molecular weight on graft copolymerization of dextran-
methyl methacrylate. Polymer 21:819-824
9. Onishi Y, Maruno S, Hokkoku S (1979) Graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate onto
dextran and some properties of copolymer. Kobunshi Ronbunshu 36:535-541
