Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 3
Core Raw Material
—
Cement
3.1 Effects of Cement Property Indexes on Concrete
Performance
There are four main mineral components in cement, namely tricalcium silicate,
dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracalcium aluminferrite. Hydration
reactions take place when they contact water, which generates cementitious mate-
rials and binds coarse and
fine aggregate in concrete together and then forms man-
made stone
concrete. As a result, they are the generating source for various
concrete performances.
Hydrated reaction formula of tricalcium silicate (abbreviated as C
3
S) is as
follows:
—
3CaO
SiO
2
þ n
H
2
O
¼
2CaO
SiO
2
n
ð
1
Þ
H
2
O
þ
Ca OH
ð
2
Hydrated reaction formula of dicalcium silicate (abbreviated as C
2
S) is as
follows:
2CaO
SiO
2
þ n
H
2
O
¼
2CaO
SiO
2
n
ð
1
Þ
H
2
O
þ
Ca OH
ð
2
Hydrated reaction formula of tricalcium aluminate (abbreviated as C
3
A) is as
follows:
3CaO
Al
2
O
3
þ
6H
2
O
¼
3CaO
Al
2
O
3
6H
2
O
Hydrated reaction formula of tetracalcium aluminferrite (abbreviated as C
4
AF) is
as follows:
4CaO
Al
2
O
3
Fe
2
O
3
þ
7H
2
O
¼
3CaO
Al
2
O
3
6H
2
O
þ
CaO
Fe
2
O
3
H
2
O
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