Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 7.7 Typical formulation of liquid explosives containing nitromethane and metal powder
Raw material
Formulation
1
2
3
4
5
Nitromethane
66
69
68
61
60
Nitroglycerine
10
RDX
9
7
HMX
7
Potassium nitrate 20
Sodium nitrate 22
Aluminum powder
12
11
12
PETN
10
Magnesium powder
11
1.2
Cellulose acetate
1
Diethylene glycol dinitrate
9.5
2
4
Nitrocellulose
1
1
2
Resorcinol
1
1.5
White yin
1
Cav-o-sil
1
1
2
3
2
Table 7.8 Properties of liquid explosives described in Table
7.7
Properties
1
2
3
4
5
Charge density
(g/cm
3
)
1.416
1.363
1.379
1.472
1.521
Minimum criti-
cal detonating
diameter (inch)
1/64
1/32
1/32
1/2
1/2
Detonation
velocity (m/s)
6,230
7,140
6,190
5,120
5,200
Explosion rate
initiated by
5,000 g ham-
mer (%)
0
8
8
12
0
8
0
8
0
8
-
-
-
-
-
Charge mode
and detonation
mode
Filling,
directly initi-
ated by no. 8
detonator
Filling,
directly initi-
ated by no. 8
detonator
Filling,
directly initi-
ated by no. 8
detonator
Filling,
with
booster
pellet
Filling,
with
booster
pellet
Storage time
(year)
10
8
5
3
3
explosives is only 0.4 mm or so, thus they are not only useful for military purposes
but also can be employed as explosives for oil wells (Table
7.8
).
(2) Adding sensitizers to nitromethane to prepare thermobaric explosives
Adding certain amounts of fuels such as RDX and aluminum
fl
flakes into
nitromethane can signi
cantly improve the detonation outcome. Chunhua Bai in
Beijing Institute of Technology [
37
] developed a liquid-solid type slurry explosive
by mixing nitromethane with metal powder, which was found to possess excellent
detonation properties. The formulation of this explosive was shown in Table
7.9
.
