Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 5.48
The detonation velocity of nitroglycerine emulsions
H
2
O:
nitroglycerine
Detonation condition
Detonation
velocity (m/s)
0.75:1
Detonated by #8 detonator, 15 g Tetryl as transmitted
detonation pellets
6,370
1:1
Detonated by #8 detonator, 15 g Tetryl as transmitted
detonation pellets
5,520
1.5:1
Detonated by #8 detonator, 15 g Tetryl as transmitted
detonation pellets
5,150
2:1
Detonated by #8 detonator, 15 g Tetryl as transmitted
detonation pellets
4,300
2
1
1
1
1
3
C
3
H
5
ONO
2
ð
Þ
3
!
2CO
þ
CO
2
þ
2
H
2
þ
2
N
2
O
þ
4
O
2
þ
87
:
86 KJ
The detonation of nitroglycerine in a closed vessel and detonated by transmitted
detonation pellets can be described by the following reaction equation.
2
1
1
1
1
4
O
2
þ
C
3
H
5
ONO
2
ð
Þ
3
!
3CO
þ
2
H
2
O
þ
2
N
2
þ
1334
:
7KJ
final materials are carbon dioxide and water vapor. Thus, the detonation
velocity must be very high.
Many people concern the power and sensitiveness of nitroglycerine [
84
]. In fact,
although nitroglycerine is
The
cult to be ignited. For example, if
nitroglycerine is put into a glass tube with a diameter of 20 mm and ignited by a gas
burner or hot wire, it will be steadily burnt and partly decomposed rather than
quickly spread and exploded. However, if it is ignited at the position where it has
been pre-heated or pre-burnt, nitroglycerine will be across the precombustion stage
and exploded directly.
The critical pressure of nitroglycerine at the moment of
fl
flammable, it is dif
fl
flame extinction, is
changed in the range of 234
375 mmHg, depending on the experimental condi-
tions. The linear velocity of combustion is 0.075 cm/s. At the temperature of 98
-
C
and critical pressure of 320 mmHg, its combustion velocity is 0.13 cm/s. Under the
pressure of 400 mmHg, nitroglycerine can burn steadily with a rate changing with
the pressure. The relationship between combustion velocity and pressure is shown
in Fig.
5.18
.
The following equation can be used to describe the stable combustion of
nitroglycerine.
°
216P
0
:
831
v ¼
0
:
0067
þ
0
:
By an extrapolation method, the combustion velocity of nitroglycerine can be
obtained as 0.23 cm/s at the normal atmosphere. If nitroglycerine adsorbs cellulose
nitrate, it will be more
fl
flammable than pure nitroglycerine.
