Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Conclusions
Ecosystem services have had a relatively long history through indirect recognition
of the importance of nature for the persistence of the human endeavor. There are
scientific challenges for biogeochemists, hydrologists, ecologists, economists,
anthropologists, and other social scientists to understand how human actions affect
ecosystems, the provision of ES, and the value of those services. At least as
demanding are the social and political questions associated with incorporating
this understanding into decision-making. There is also a need to design effective
and enduring institutions to manage, monitor, and provide incentives that reflect the
social values of ecosystem services. Information is becoming more readily avail-
able for individuals, corporate managers, and government officials who make
decisions affecting ecosystems and the services to consider a more complete set
of costs and benefits associated with their choices. We are likely to see continuing
growth in our scientific ability to measure and predict changes in ES, our ability to
design policies and institutions that accurately represent these changes and in turn,
the ability of the environment to continue providing the many benefits society needs
to prosper.
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