Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
200.000
19.200
11.3.2011.
JAPAN - TOHOKU
85.000
84.000
9.0
12.5.2008.
CHINA - SICHUAN
8.0
5.200
88.000
8.10.2005.
PAKISTAN - KASHMIR
7. 6
7. 0
8.000
222.570
HAITI - PORT-AU-PRINCE
12.1.2010.
8.8
30.000
520
CHILE - MAULE
9.0
27.2.2010.
10.000
220.000
6.3
INDIAN OCEAN
26.12.2004.
20.000*
185
NEW ZEALAND - CHRISTCHURCH
*LOSS ESTIMATION STILL IN
PROGRESS
22.2.2011.
VERY HIGH
HIGH
MODERATE
10 - 14.9M
PREVIOUS EARTHQUAKES
SIGNIFICANT EARTHQUAKES FROM
2004 ONWARDS - TAKEN FROM
MUNICH RE'S NATCAT DATABASE
MEGACITIES
ESTIMATED 2010
POPULATION
MAG
NITUD
E
SEISMIC HAZARD
ABSTRACT REPRESENTATION OF
EXISTING GSHAP DATA
5 - 9.9M
OVERALL LOSSES US$ M
> 15M
FATALITIES
30.1
Megacities, seismic hazard and recent losses (GSHAP: Global
Seismic Hazard Assessment Program).
disruption due to earthquakes. This can lead to better building codes and
construction, land use planning for sustainable development, improved
emergency response, protection of critical infrastructures and greater access
to insurance.
There is hence a need for such earthquake risk information to become
accessible to a wide spectrum of end-users (who are envisaged to include
engineers, researchers, risk managers, urban planners, insurers/reinsurers,
civil protection departments, international and non-governmental organisa-
tions amongst others) and their benefi ciaries. This need has been underlined
by a call from the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Develop-
ment's (OECD) Global Science Forum for the development of open-source
risk assessment tools, and has been confi rmed by a variety of institutions
and organisations, the scientifi c community and public opinion.
A benchmark study commissioned by the OECD in 2008 during the
set-up of the GEM Foundation identifi ed a number of shortcomings in
seismic hazard and risk initiatives existing at the time, both scientifi c and
non-scientifi c, public and private.
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