Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
21.2.1.4 The Terrestrial Food Chain and Dose Model, FDMT
The Terrestrial Food Chain and Dose Model, FDMT, calculates the activity trans-
port through the terrestrial food chains into the human body. It further estimates
shorter term and lifetime doses for various age groups that result from food
consumption and from all other exposure pathways.
The transport model in FDMT is based on the dynamic model ECOSYS, see
chapter “Processes and Models of Activity Propagation in the Human Food Chain”.
The results are maps showing the specific activity concentrations in food and
feedstuffs at the time of the peak concentration and the development of the
concentrations with time. FDMT offers results for 17 vegetable and 16 animal-
based human food stuffs as well as for 21 feed stuffs for animals.
An additional module, DepoM, is situated between the atmospheric dispersion
and deposition models and FDMT (not shown in Fig.
21.1
) and determines con-
tamination of the soil and plant surfaces by dry and wet deposition processes as a
function of the season.
21.2.2 The Models for Radiological Consequences
in Contaminated Inhabited and Agricultural Areas,
ERMIN and AGRICP
One task of the European EURANOS project was the development and implemen-
tation of a new kind of flexible and consistent methodology for a dynamic assess-
ment of the radiological consequences in contaminated inhabited and agricultural
areas and their mitigation by appropriate actions. This resulted in two models:
ERMIN (“EuRopean Model for INhabited Areas”) for inhabited areas and AGRICP
(“AGRIcultural Countermeasure Program”) for agricultural areas that became
implemented in JRodos and in the ARGOS decision support system [
14
].
Both models contain dynamic activity transport models as an integral part,
thereby differing significantly from previous methodologies that employ
pre-calculated—hence static—datasets. Embedding dynamic transport models
into the simulation codes enables dynamical calculations and thus achieves
unmatched flexibility in the simulation of the effects of late-phase actions on
contamination and dose levels and the associated waste and costs. Taking account
of measurements and the coupling to data assimilation models is foreseen but not
yet realized to a sufficient extent.
The two models and the EURANOS manuals mentioned below are covered in
reference [
4
] in several contributions;
therefore, no individual references are
given here.
ERMIN contains a transport model describing weathering, retention, and
re-suspension processes on inner and outer surfaces, taking into account soil and
grassland, trees, other vegetation, horizontal paved surfaces, and outer and inner
