Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
order to obtain a better fundamental understanding of activated sludge formation and the
activated sludge process itself.
Conclusions
The golden rule of modelling as cited by Oskar Wanner [21] says that
models should be
as simple as possible and as complex as needed
. This rule holds for both activated sludge and
biofilm systems. Activated sludge and biofilm models have evolved with different degrees of
complexity over the past decades. This is due to different emphasis on structure, i.e. structure
has been strongly emphasized in biofilm modelling whilst state of the art activated sludge
models do not take structure into account. Recent developments points towards simplified
(zero-dimensional) biofilm models for engineering application whilst three-dimensional
activated sludge models appear to be interesting tools in activated sludge research. Most
interestingly an exchange of knowledge between activated sludge and biofilm modelling
appears to develop: methods from activated sludge modelling (ASM1) have been applied to
biofilm systems and methods from biofilm modelling (3D biofilm model) have been applied
to activated sludge systems. It is hoped that a further exchange can help both to close the gap
that has developed between biofilm research and engineering applications and to obtain a
better fundamental understanding of the activated sludge process.
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