Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Biodiesel reacts with Si and C in the combustion chamber and injector nozzle at
higher temperatures and increases the density of Si and C on the surfaces. However,
at relatively lower temperatures emanating from combustion, biodiesel reacts with
C, V, Cr, and Mn on the surfaces of the injector pump piston and creates a passive
layer on the metal surface and inhibits wear. Oxidation and corrosion processes due
to chemical nature of biodiesel increased the level of wear (Celik and Aydin
2011
).
In another review paper, it was summarized that there is lower wear reported with
biodiesel, and use of biodiesel would improve engine durability due to lower soot
formation and inherent higher lubricity of biodiesel in comparison with diesel (Xue
et al.
2011
).
4.1 Carbon Deposits
Agarwal et al. (
2003a
,
b
) carried out experiments to investigate the effect of long-
term engine operation for B20 of linseed oil biodiesel vis-
-vis mineral diesel by
physical dimensioning and exhaustive lubricating oil analysis and characterization.
For this test, two engines (diesel and biodiesel) were run for 512 h (32 cycles, each
of 16 h continuous engine operation) at rated speed. Carbon deposits for biodiesel-
fueled engines on cylinder head (Fig.
2
), piston top, and injector tip were sub-
stantially lower than mineral diesel-fueled engine. It was reported that biodiesel-
fueled engine deposits were 40 % lesser compared to the diesel-fueled engine. Also
carbonization of biodiesel injector after 512 h of engine operation was signi
à
cantly
lower than diesel injector after 200 h of engine operation (Agarwal et al.
2003b
).
Sinha and Agarwal (
2010
) carried out an endurance test for 100 h on the CIDI
engine with B20 of rice-bran biodiesel and observed lesser carbon deposits on the
in-cylinder parts for B20 (Fig.
3
).
Fig. 2 Carbon deposits on the cylinder head for a diesel and b 20 % biodiesel-fueled engines after
512 h of single-cylinder DI engine operation (Agarwal et al.
2003b
)
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