Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Technical Challenges and Scientific
Approach for a Sustainable Energy
Efficient Future
Gabriel D. Roy
Abstract The energy landscape is rapidly changing and the availability of fossil
fuels in abundance at affordable prices in the future cannot be assured. It is time
now to focus attention to produce sustainable alternate fuels, further improve the
energy conversion process, and develop new and more ef
cient energy conversion
devices. Environmental constraints and geo physical changes restrict the selection
and utilization of fuels for the future. Continuous availability of feed stock for
alternate fuels at affordable prices and to convert those to fuels with required
properties, as well as to control the combustion process, poses challenges. Alternate
fuels for propulsion, in particular for aero-propulsion are required to meet varying
and often contradicting performance parameters. These issues are elaborated and
technical solutions are attempted in this chapter. Economics will play a major role
in the successful use of alternate fuels. Future energy conversion devices (engines
and turbines) will operate on higher pressures and temperatures and will offer
challenges in the production of new materials and coatings.
Keywords High-energy-density fuels
Fuel injection strategy
Soot formation
control
Alternative fuels
Noise foot print
Nano-size toxic particles
1 Introduction
The energy landscape is rapidly changing, in particular during the past few decades,
and the energy demand from the developing and under developed countries is on
the rise. Availability of fossil fuels in abundance at affordable prices in the future
cannot be taken for granted. Along with the escalating depletion of natural
resources, politics and international situations also play a role in causing uncer-
tainties in the supply of fuel. Environmental regulations, eco awareness, and geo-
physical changes restrict
the selection and utilization of fuels to meet
full
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