As-Produced Intrinsic Physico-Chemical Properties and Appropriate Characterization Tools - Safety of Nanomaterials along Their Lifecycle - page 15

TABLE 1.2
Control of Physico-Chemical Properties by Surface Functionalization

Property,
Method/Unit

Primary particle
size, TEM/nm

15 15 15 15 25 9 9 10 9 7 97 134 20 8 21 80 32 37

Speciic surface,
BET/m²/g

200 200 200 200 178 117 117 105 117 86 6.2 4.5 30 208 51 12 41 47

Average size in
H 2 O, DLS/nm

40 50 42 40 33 9 27 315 9 40 123 408 35 600 478 350 262

Average size in
H 2 O, AUC/nm

19 21 20 20 25 27 13 38 11 34 77 95 38 1093 980 1000 350 340

Dispersibility in
H 2 O//FCS/AAN

1//28 1//213 1//90 1//2 1// 3//12 2//65 4//50 1//86 1//1 1//1 1//1 1//2 130// 25//32 12//10 11//9 10//19

Crystallinity,
XRD/qualitative

Amorph Amorph Amorph Amorph Amorph Amorph,

and
tetragonal

Amorph,
monocline
and
tetragonal

Amorph,
monocline
and
tetragonal

Monocline
and
tetragonal

Cubic Cubic Cubic Cubic Rutile,

anatase

Rutile,
anatase

Hexagonal Orthorhombic Orthorhombic

Surface chemistry,
XPS/element%

O 66 PEG

identiied
(SIMS)

Amino
identiied
(SIMS)

O 66 O 63 O 58 PEG

identiied
(SIMS)

Amino
identiied
(SIMS)

O 63 C 63 C 59 C 77 C 21 O 63 O 61 O 38 O 52 O 66

Si 29 Si 29 Si 29 Zr 23 Zr 24 O 24 O 18 O 10 O 15 Ti 23 Ti 26 Zn 35 Ba 13 Al 23

C 4 C 5 C 8 C 19 C 11 Ag 14 Ag 16 Ag 12 Ag 62 C 13 C 13 C 20 C 17 C 11

Na 1 Na 0.5 PO 2 ,

PO 3
fragments

Acrylic acid N 0.7 Na 8 Na 1 Na 2 Eu 0.6 Cl 3 S 11

S 0.2 N 1 Na 3 Cl, P 3

N 1

( Continued )