BASIC ELEMENTS OF JAVA - Java Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design - page 75

In skeleton form, a Java application program looks like the following:
import statements if any

public class ClassName
{

2

named constants and/or stream objects declarations

public static void main(String[] args)
{

variable declaration

statements

}

}

Notice that the heading of the method main contains the reserved word static .The
statements to declare the named constants and the input stream objects are placed outside
the definition of the method main . Therefore, to use these named constants and stream
objects in the method main , Java requires that you declare the named constants and the
input stream objects with the reserved word static . Example 2-26 illustrates this concept.

EXAMPLE 2-26

The following is a simple Java application program showing where in a Java program the
import statements, the method main , and statements such as named constants, declara-
tions, assignment statements, and input and output statements typically appear.

//*****************************************************************
// Author: D.S. Malik
//
// This program shows where the import statements, named constants,
// variable declarations, assignment statements, and input and
// output statements typically appear.
//*****************************************************************

import java.util.*; //Line 1

public class FirstJavaProgram //Line 2

{ //Line 3

static final int NUMBER = 12; //Line 4

static Scanner console = new Scanner(System.in); //Line 5

public static void main(String[] args) //Line 6

{ //Line 7

int firstNum; //Line 8

int secondNum; //Line 9

firstNum = 18; //Line 10

System.out.println("Line 11: firstNum = "
+ firstNum); //Line 11