BASIC ELEMENTS OF JAVA - Java Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design - page 74

Because the programming instructions are placed in the method main , let us elaborate on
the method main a bit more.
The basic parts of the method main are the heading and the body. The first line of the
method main :

public static void main(String[] args)

is called the heading of the method main .
The statements enclosed between braces ( { and } ) form the body of the method main .
The body of the method main contains two types of statements:
￿ Declaration statements
￿ Executable statements
Declaration statements are used to declare things such as variables.
Executable statements perform calculations, manipulate data, create output, accept input,
and so on.
In Java, variables or identifiers can be declared anywhere within a method, but they must
be declared before they can be used.

EXAMPLE 2-24

The following statements are examples of variable declarations:

int num1;
int num2;
double salary;
String name;

EXAMPLE 2-25

Some executable statements that you have encountered so far are the assignment, input,
and output statements.
Suppose that num1 and num2 are int variables. The following statements are examples of
executable statements:

num1 = 4; //assignment statement

num2 = console.nextInt(); //input and

//assignment statement

System.out.println(num1 + " " + num2); //output statement