Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Handt, Oliva, Martin Richards, Marion Trommsdorff, Christian Kilger,
Jaana Simanainen, Oleg Georgiev, et al. “Molecular Genetic Analyses
of the Tyrolean Ice Man.” Science 264 (June 17, 1994): 1,775-1,778.
The researchers found genetic fragments in the Iceman's remains
that are closely related to people living today in parts of central and
northern Europe.
Henderson, John S., Rosemary A. Joyce, Gretchen R. Hall, W. Jeffrey
Hurst, and Patrick E. McGovern. “Chemical and Archaeological Ev-
idence for the Earliest Cacao Beverages.” Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences 104 (November 27, 2007): 18,937-18,940. he
researchers studied pottery residues and found that a chocolate
beverage had been made from cacao beans in 1400-1100 b.c.e. in
Honduras.
Hong, Sungmin, Jean-Pierre Candelone, Clair C. Patterson, and Claude
F. Boutron. “Greenland Ice Evidence of Hemispheric Lead Pollution
Two Millennia Ago by Greek and Roman Civilizations.” Science 265
(September 23, 1994): 1,841-1,843. The researchers analyzed an ice
core from Greenland that covered a period from 3,000 to 500 years
ago and found the concentration of lead was four times higher than
natural conditions during the Roman era.
Lambert, Joseph B. Traces of the Past: Unraveling the Secrets of Archae-
ology through Chemistry. Cambridge, Mass.: Perseus Publishing,
1997. Lambert, a chemistry professor at Northwestern University,
explains the chemical methods of archaeology and how they help
reconstruct the past. Chemical analyses of stone, pottery, glass, pig-
ments, metals, and biological materials are discussed.
McGovern, Patrick E., Juzhong Zhang, Jigen Tang, Zhiqing Zhang,
Gretchen R. Hall, Robert A. Moreau, et al. “Fermented Beverages of
Pre- and Proto-historic China.” Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences 101 (December 21, 2004): 17,593-17,598. he researchers
use chemical techniques on archaeological samples to explore how
ancient Chinese developed fermented beverages.
Müller, Wolfgang, Henry Fricke, Alex N. Halliday, Malcolm T.
McCulloch, and Jo-Anne Wartho. “Origin and Migration of the Al-
pine Iceman.” Science 302 (October 31, 2003): 862-866. he research-
ers performed isotope measurements of Ötzi's teeth and bones and
compared these values with surrounding soils, rocks, and streams.
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