Western Colonialism

VOTING BEHAVIOR

In addition to sociologists, scholars from many different fields, including history, political science, psychology, and geography, have studied elections and voting behavior. In current American sociology, however, these topics are largely neglected. Major advances have been made in related disciplines, yet as of one of the pioneers, the sociologist Rice (1928, p. p.vii) stated: ”The […]

ABDULHAMID II (Western Colonialism)

1842-1918 Ottoman sultan (r. 1876-1909). The reign of Sultan Abdiilhamid II began on August 31, 1876, during a period of profound crisis for the Ottoman Empire. In 1878 the sultan inaugurated a new course in domestic and foreign policies that had a lasting impact on the history of modern Turkey and the Middle East. Abdulhamid’s […]

ABOLITION OF COLONIAL SLAVERY

From its beginnings, black slavery in the Americas proved remarkably durable. There were early religious protests against the pioneering use of slaves in the Americas, most notably by Bartolome de las Casas (1474-1566), but the economic benefits that soon flowed from the work of African slaves, especially after the formation of plantation societies, overcame most […]

ACEH WAR (Western Colonialism)

The sultanate of Aceh developed as an independent state in the fifteenth century. In the beginning of the seventeenth century, the sultanate of Aceh reached the summit of its political and economic power, and was one of the largest states in the region. At this time, it had control over large parts of both the […]

ACAPULCO (Western Colonialism)

Acapulco was the only true seaport on the western coast of Mexico throughout the colonial period. Situated only 400 kilometers (about 250 miles) from Mexico City and blessed with a good harbor, Acapulco was settled between 1530 and 1550 as a base for Pacific exploration. The small port’s fortunes changed in 1564 when an Asian […]

ABORIGINES' RIGHTS PROTECTION SOCIETY (Western Colonialism)

The Gold Coast Aborigines’ Rights Protection Society (ARPS) was formed in 1897 in the port city of Cape Coast, a hub of intellectual and political activism in colonial Ghana. The ARPS remained the voice of colonized Africans until its demise in the 1930s. The idea of forming the society had been incubated as early as […]

ACOSTA, JOSE DE

1540-1600 There is perhaps no more potent expression of the tense and complex relationship between the European colonial enterprise and the work of Christian missionaries than the life and writings of the Spanish Jesuit Jose de Acosta. By the time of his death in 1600 large portions of his work were known on four continents, […]

ACHEBE, CHINUA (Western Colonialism)

1930- Born on November 16, 1930, in Ogidi (southeastern Nigeria), Albert Chinualumogu (Chinua) Achebe is one of Africa’s best-known writers. Isaiah Okafor Achebe, a Church Missionary Society catechist, and his wife, Janet, named their fifth child Albert, after Prince Albert, the husband of Queen Victoria. In college, Albert dropped his ”Christian name” for his Igbo […]

AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS (Western Colonialism)

The African National Congress (ANC), the oldest black political organization in South Africa until it became multiracial in the 1990s, was founded on January 8, 1912, in Bloemfontein by chiefs, representatives of African peoples and church organizations, and other prominent individuals. The aim of the ANC was to bring all Africans together and to defend […]

AFGHANI, JAMAL AD-DIN AL (Western Colonialism)

1838-1897 Jamal ad-Din al-Afghani is one of the best-known political thinkers and agitators of the nineteenth-century Muslim world. He is known for his calls for modernization and pan-Islamic solidarity, which he saw as the means by which the Muslim world could strengthen itself in its struggle against European aggression. Although he usually claimed to be […]

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