Induction Motor

INDUCTION MOTORS

I.I Three-phase induction motors are so common in industry that in many plants no other type of electric machine can be found. The author remembers his conversation with a maintenance supervisor in a manufacturing facility who, when asked what types of motors they had on the factory floor, replied: “Electric motors, of course. What else?” […]

BACKGROUND (Induction Motor)

In this introductory topic, a general characterization of induction motors and their use in ac drive systems is given. Common mechanical loads and their characteristics are presented, and the concept of operating quadrants is explained. Control methods for induction motors are briefly reviewed.

DRIVE SYSTEMS WITH INDUCTION MOTORS

1.2 An electric motor driving a mechanical load, directly or through a gearbox or a V-belt transmission, and the associated control equipment such as power converters, switches, relays, sensors, and microprocessors, constitute an electric drive system. It should be stressed that, as of today, most induction motor drives are still basically uncontrolled, the control functions […]

COMMON LOADS (Induction Motor)

1.3 Selection of an induction motor and its control scheme depends on the load. An ASD of a fan will certainly differ from that of a winder in a paper mill, the manufacturing process in the latter case imposing narrow tolerance bands on speed and torque of the motor. Various classifications can be used with […]

OPERATING QUADRANTS (Induction Motor)

1.4 The concept of operating quadrants plays an important role in the theory and practice of electric drives. Both the torque, TM, developed in a motor and speed, a>M, of the rotor can assume two polarities. For instance, watching the motor from the front end, positive polarity can be assigned to the clockwise direction and […]

SUMMARY (Induction Motor)

1.6 Induction motors, especially those of the squirrel-cage type, are the most common sources of mechanical power in industry. Supplied from a three-phase ac line, they are simple, robust, and inexpensive. Although most motors operate with a fixed frequency resulting in an almost constant speed, ASDs are increasingly introduced in a variety of applications. Such […]

SCALAR AND VECTOR CONTROL METHODS (Induction Motor)

1.5 Induction motors can be controlled in many ways. The simplest methods are based on changing the structure of stator winding. Using the so-called wye-delta switch, the starting current can easily be reduced. Another type of switch allows emulation of a gear change by the already-mentioned pole changing, that is, changing the number of magnetic […]

CONSTRUCTION AND STEADY-STATE OPERATION OF INDUCTION MOTORS

Construction and operating principles of induction motors are presented in this topic. The generation of a revolving magnetic field in the stator and torque production in the rotor are described. The per-phase equivalent circuit is introduced for determination of steady-state characteristics of the motor. Operation of the induction machine as a generator is explained.

CONSTRUCTION (Induction Motor)

2.1 An induction motor consists of many parts, the stator and rotor being the basic subsystems of the machine. An exploded view of a squirrel-cage motor is shown in Figure 2.1. The motor case (frame), ribbed outside for better cooling, houses the stator core with a three-phase winding placed in slots on the periphery of […]

REVOLVING MAGNETIC FIELD (Induction Motor)

2.2 The three-phase stator winding produces a revolving magnetic field, which constitutes an important property of not only induction motors but also synchronous machines. Generation of the revolving magnetic field by stationary phase windings of the stator is explained in Figures 2.4 through 2.9. A simplified arrangement of the windings, each consisting of a one-loop […]

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