Machine Tools "Tests (Metrology)

16.2.
In most cases the production or machining of a given geometric surface is achieved through a combination of work-tool movements. In other words, the machined surface is generated, and the accuracy of the surface depends on the accuracy of the mating elements present in the machine tool.
The various tests applied to any machine tool could be grouped as below :
(a) Tests for the level of installation of machine in horizontal and vertical planes.
(b) Tests for flatness of machine bed and for straightness and parallelism of bed ways or bearing surfaces.
(c) Tests for perpendicularly of guideways to other guideways or bearing surfaces.
(d) Tests for the true running of the main spindle and its axial movements.
(e) Tests for parallelism of spindle axis to guideways or bearing surfaces.
(f) Tests for the line of movement of various members e.g., saddle and table cross-slides etc., along their ways.
(g) Practical tests in which some test pieces are machined and their accuracy and finish is checked.
Following instruments are required for conducting these tests : dial gauges, tests mandrels, straight edges and squares, spirit levels, autocollimators, etc.