Medicinal Uses (Sicilian Sumac) —
Considered astringent and tonic (DEP).
Indications (Sicilian Sumac) —
Bacteria (1; FNF); Biliousness (f; DEP); Candida (1; FNF); Cholera (f; DEP); Diarrhea (f; DEP; FNF); Dysentery (f; DEP; FNF); Dyspepsia (f; DEP; FNF); Gastrosis (f; EB49:406); Gingivosis (f; DEP); Hematemesis (f; DEP); Hemoptysis (f; DEP); Hepatosis (1; FNF); Infection (1; FNF); Inflammation (1; FNF); Leucorrhea (f; DEP); Ophthalmia (f; DEP); Sore (f; DEP); Stomachache (f; EB49:406); Ulcer (f; EB49:406; FNF); Virus (1; FNF); Vomiting (f; DEP).
Sicilian Sumac for dysentery:
• Antibacterial: ellagic-acid; gallic-acid; isoquercitrin; myricetin; myricitrin; quercetin; quercitrin; tannic-acid
• Antidiarrheic: tannic-acid
• Antidysenteric: tannic-acid
• Antihepatotoxic: gallic-acid; quercetin; quercitrin
• Antiseptic: avicularin; ellagic-acid; gallic-acid; myricetin; tannic-acid
• Antispasmodic: quercetin; quercitrin
• Antiviral: ellagic-acid; gallic-acid; myricetin; quercetin; quercitrin; tannic-acid
• Astringent: ellagic-acid; gallic-acid; tannic-acid
• Candidicide: myricetin; myricitrin; quercetin
• Hepatoprotective: ellagic-acid; quercetin
• Hepatotonic: quercitrin
• Protisticide: myricitrin
Sicilian Sumac for dyspepsia:
• Analgesic: gallic-acid; quercetin
• Antigastric: myricetin; quercetin
• Antiinflammatory: ellagic-acid; gallic-acid; myricetin; myricitrin; quercetin; quercitrin
• Antioxidant: ellagic-acid; gallic-acid; isoquercitrin; myricetin; quercetin; quercitrin; tan-nic-acid
• Antiulcer: quercitrin; tannic-acid
Sicilian Sumac for ulcer:
• Analgesic: gallic-acid; quercetin
• Antibacterial: ellagic-acid; gallic-acid; isoquercitrin; myricetin; myricitrin; quercetin; quercitrin; tannic-acid
• Antiinflammatory: ellagic-acid; gallic-acid; myricetin; myricitrin; quercetin; quercitrin
• Antioxidant: ellagic-acid; gallic-acid; isoquercitrin; myricetin; quercetin; quercitrin; tan-nic-acid
• Antiseptic: avicularin; ellagic-acid; gallic-acid; myricetin; tannic-acid
• Antispasmodic: quercetin; quercitrin
• Antiulcer: quercitrin; tannic-acid
• Antiviral: ellagic-acid; gallic-acid; myricetin; quercetin; quercitrin; tannic-acid
• Astringent: ellagic-acid; gallic-acid; tannic-acid
• Bacteristat: gallic-acid; quercetin
• COX-2-Inhibitor: quercetin
• Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor: gallic-acid; quercetin
• Fungicide: quercetin
• Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor: myricetin; quercetin
Other Uses (Sicilian Sumac) —
Fruits, crushed together with Origanum syriacum, are a main ingredient of a Middle Eastern spice mixture called “za’tar.” In Syria, berries are soaked in milk. Immature fruits may be used as a caper substitute (FAC).
For more information on activities, dosages, and contraindications, see the CRC Handtopic of Medicinal Herbs, ed. 2, et al. 2002.
Cultivation (Sicilian Sumac) —
In Sicily, it is grown as a cultivar with other drought-tolerant trees, like almond, carob, and pistachio. Sometimes, these trees are intercropped with Opuntia ficus-indica.
Chemistry (Sicilian Sumac) — Here are a few of the more notable chemicals found in sicilian sumac. For a complete listing of the phytochemicals and their activities, see the CRC phytochemical compendium, and 1993 (DAD) and the USDA database.
Astragalin — Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC30 = 1 |jM, IC62 = 10 |jM; Antileukemic; Expectorant; Hypotensive; Immunostimulant.
Avicularin — Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC32 = 1 |jM, IC84 = 10 |jM; Antiseptic; Cyclooxyge-nase-Activator 100 |jM; Diuretic.
Myricetin — Allelochemic IC82 = 1 mM; Antiallergic; Antibacterial MIC = 20-500 ng/ml; Anticancer; Antifeedant IC52 = <1000 ppm diet; Antigastric; Antigingivitic MIC = 20 ng/ml; Antigo-nadotropic; Antihistaminic; AntiHIV; Antiinflammatory; Antimutagenic ID50 = 2-5 nM; Antioxidant IC99 = 200 ppm; Antioxidant 1.4 |jM; Antiperiodontic MIC = 20 ng/ml; Antiplaque MIC = 20 ng/ml; Antiseptic MIC = 20 ng/ml; Antiviral; Apoptotic 60 \\M; Candidicide MIC = 150 ng/ml; COMP-Inhibitor; Diuretic; Hypoglycemic; Larvistat IC50 = 2.6-3.5 mM/kg diet; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor; Metalloproteinase-Inhibitor; Mutagenic; NEP-Inhibitor IC50 = >42 |jM; Oxidase-Inhib-itor; Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 36 |jM; Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor IC50 = 11.9 ng/ml; Topoi-somerase-II-Inhibitor IC50 = 11.9 ng/ml; Tyrosine-Kinase-Inhibitor; Vasodilator.
Myricitrin — Antibacterial MIC = 500 ng/ml; Antiinflammatory; Antimutagenic ID50 = 10—40 nM; Antitumor; Candidicide MIC = 400 | g/ml; Choleretic; Diuretic; Paramecicide; Protisticide; Spermicide.
Quercetin — See also Alpinia officinarum.
