An amine is a member of a group of organic compounds that can be considered as derived from ammonia by replacement of one or more hydrogens by organic radicals. Generally, amines are bases of widely varying strengths, but a few that are acidic are known.
Amines constitute one of the most important classes of organic compounds. The lone pair of electrons on the amine nitrogen enables amines to participate in a large variety of reactions as a base or a nucleophile. Amines play prominent roles in vitamins, for example, epi-nephrine (adrenaline), thiamin or vitamin B1, and Novocaine.
Amines are used to manufacture many medicinal chemicals, such as sulfa drugs and anesthetics. The important fiber nylon is an amine derivative.
Aramids are synthetic fibers produced from long-chain polyamides (nylons) in which 85% of the amide linkages are attached directly to two aromatic rings. The fibers are exceptionally stable and have good strength, toughness, and stiffness, which is retained well above 150°C. Two aramids are Nomex and Kevlar from Du Pont Co., and Twaron from Akzo NV. They have high strength, intermediate stiffness, and are suitable for cables, ropes, webbings, and tapes. Kevlar 49, with high strength and stiffness, is used for reinforcing plastics. Nomex, best known for its excellent flame and abrasion resistance, is used for protective clothing, air filtration bags, and electrical insulation.
