Women and War

Andean Rebellion of the Eighteenth Century (Wars)

Role of women in eighteenth-century Andean rebellions against the Spanish. The eighteenth century in the Andes has been called the age of Andean rebellion. Starting in 1730 with a rebellion in Cochabamba, the era was marked by numerous localized village revolts, insurrections, and protests, culminating in the firestorm of the Great Rebellion of 1780-1782. This […]

Anderson, Louisa Garrett (Medical Service)

(1873-1943) Cofounder of the British Women’s Hospital Corps (WHC) during World War I. Dr. Louisa Garrett Anderson, surgeon and militant suffragette, was born at Aldeburgh, Suffolk, on July 28, 1873, to Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, first female doctor in Britain, and James G. S. Anderson, a shipping magnate. She graduated from London School of Medicine for […]

Arab-Israeli Wars

The impact on women of the wars fought between the Israelis and Arabs since the proclamation of an independent Jewish state in 1948. During any national emergency, such as a war, women’s traditional roles in society are usually altered to meet the needs of the population in crisis. The Arab-Israeli conflict is no exception. For […]

Argentina, Dirty War against Civilians

The impact on women of the military crackdown and paramilitary assault against dissidents and suspected leftists in Argentina from 1975 to 1983. Argentina’s Dirty War has become synonymous with a ruthless dictatorship, repression of civil society, systematic disappearance, and murder. It began on March 24, 1976, when Isabel Peron, the first woman president in the […]

Argentina, Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo

Mothers during the Argentine dictatorship of 1976-1983 searching for their children who had been abducted by the military. The Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo (Madres de Plaza de Mayo) developed into a unique women’s movement of nonviolent resistance to tyranny. The repression carried out by the Argentine military, which seized power on March 24, […]

Armenian Holocaust (Atrocities)

Deliberate effort to eliminate the Ottoman Empire’s Armenian minority during World War I. Estimates for the number of people who perished in the ensuing genocide vary, but perhaps 1.5 million of the 2 million Armenians living in the Ottoman Empire died. One million were killed or died between 1915 and 1918, and another half million […]

Armenian Women Victims of Genocide (Atrocities)

Female victims of the mass killing of Armenians by the Ottoman government (1915-1923) and their behavior in the killing fields. Armenian male leaders were arrested and killed; younger and able-bodied men were mostly rounded up and segregated in labor camps or murdered outright. As a result of this strategic approach, women, children, and the elderly […]

Artemisia of Caria (Antiquity)

Admiral in the fleet of the Persian emperor Xerxes; reputedly the first female admiral. Artemisia, daughter of Lygdamis, was the ruler of Caria in southwest Asia Minor in the second half of the fifth century b.c. As a vassal of the Persian Empire, she provided a contingent of five fighting ships when Xerxes I invaded […]

Ashwari, Hanan (Governmental Figures)

(1946- ) The highest-ranking woman member of the Palestinian movement, official spokesperson of the Palestinian delegation to the Middle East Peace Process (1991-1993). Hanan Ashwari is known for her staunch defense of Palestinian rights, her dedication to human rights, and her commitment to the emancipation of women. Born a Christian in Palestine in 1946, before […]

Ashwell, Lena Margaret Pocock (Entertainers)

(1872-1957) Actress, playwright, feminist, and suffragette who organized a network of entertainers with the Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) for allied troops at various fronts during World War I and received the Order of the British Empire for her contributions. Lena Margaret Pocock was born aboard a ship, the Wellesley, on the River Tyne in […]

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