CCNP ONT Exam Certification Guide

Traffic Shaping and Policing (Congestion Avoidance, Policing, Shaping, and Link Efficiency Mechanisms)

Traffic shaping and policing are two different mechanisms for traffic conditioning. Both mechanisms measure the rate of different traffic classes against a policy or SLA. SLA stands for service level agreement, and it is usually set up between an enterprise and a service provider with regard to bandwidth, traffic rates, reliability, availability, QoS, and billing […]

Link Efficiency Mechanisms (Congestion Avoidance, Policing, Shaping, and Link Efficiency Mechanisms)

The main link efficiency mechanisms deployed today are compression- and fragmentation-based. There are several types of compression: link compression, layer 2 payload compression, RTP header compression, and TCP header compression. Fragmentation is usually combined with interleaving. Compression makes link utilization more efficient, and it is a QoS technique that actually makes more bandwidth available. Fragmentation […]

Implementing QoS Pre-Classify

QoS pre-classify was designed so that tunneled interfaces could classify packets on the output interface before data was encrypted and tunneled. Considering the growth of VPN popularity, the ability to classify traffic within a tunnel for QoS purposes is increasingly in demand. QoS pre-classify allows Cisco IOS QoS features and services to remain effective even […]

Deploying End-to-End QoS Part 1

End-to-end QoS means that all the network components between the end points of a network communication dialogue need to implement appropriate QoS mechanisms consistently. If, for example, an enterprise (customer) uses the services and facilities of a service provider for connectivity between its headquarters and branch offices, both the enterprise and the service provider must […]

Deploying End-to-End QoS Part 2

Control Plane Policing (CoPP) Control plane attacks are growing, so protecting the network infrastructure against these types of attacks is imminently required. Control plane policing (CoPP), a Cisco IOS feature that has been available since IOS release 12.2(18)S, allows you to configure a QoS filter that manages the traffic flow of control plane packets. Using […]

Introducing AutoQoS

With the growth of bandwidth requirements by today’s applications and convergence of voice, video, and data applications over common IP infrastructures (networks), deploying QoS technologies and services is a necessity within modern networks. Although you must manage delay, jitter, available bandwidth, and packet loss, the solution must remain scalable and manageable with respect to both […]

Implementing and Verifying AutoQoS

Before you implement AutoQoS and enable it on router interfaces, it is useful to know the router AutoQoS deployment restrictions. Some design considerations are also worth learning with regard to deploying AutoQoS on routers. Finally, you must know the prerequisites for configuring AutoQoS on Cisco routers. You can enable Cisco AutoQoS Enterprise on certain types […]

AutoQoS Shortcomings and Remedies (Implementing AutoQoS)

The policy maps and class maps that AutoQoS generates do not always suit the needs of a network completely. In that case, you can modify the policy maps and class maps to meet the specific network requirements. Therefore, it is important to know how to fine-tune the configuration that Cisco AutoQoS generates. Some Cisco IOS […]

The Need for Wireless LAN QoS

WLANs are growing in popularity. They are mostly implemented as extensions to, but are occasionally deployed as overlays to, wired LANs, or replacements for wired LANs. The difference between wired and wireless LANs is in the physical layer and in the MAC layer. Please note that Logical Link Control (LLC) and MAC are considered upper […]

Current Wireless LAN QoS Implementation

Wireless RF is an OSI Layer 2 technology, and its QoS is currently based on 802.11e or WMM specifications. With the addition of WLANs, to maintain end-to-end QoS in a network, it is necessary to perform mapping between Layer 2 (802.1p) priority or Layer 3 DSCP (or IP precedence) and 802.11e priority (or WMM access […]