Building drawing part 1 (AutoCAD 2011)

Aims of This Topic

The aims of this topic are:

1. To show that AutoCAD 2011 is a suitable CAD software package for the construction of building drawings.

2. To show that AutoCAD 2011 is a suitable CAD program for the construction of 3D models of buildings.

Building drawing

There are a number of different types of drawings related to the construction of any form of building. In this topic a fairly typical example of a set of building drawings is shown. There are seven drawings related to the construction of an extension to an existing two-storey house (44 Ridgeway Road). These show:

1. A site plan of the original two-storey house, drawn to a scale of 1:200 (Fig. 16.1).

 A site plan

Fig. 16.1 A site plan

2. A site layout plan of the original house, drawn to a scale of 1:100 (Fig. 16.2).

3. Floor layouts of the original house, drawn to a scale of 1:50 (Fig. 16.3).

4. Views of all four sides of the original house, drawn to a scale of 1:50 (Fig. 16.4).


5. Floor layouts including the proposed extension, drawn to a scale of 1:50 (Fig. 16.5).

6. Views of all four sides of the house including the proposed extension, drawn to a scale of 1:50 (Fig. 16.6).

7. A sectional view through the proposed extension, drawn to a scale of 1:50 (Fig. 16.7).

 A site layout plan

Fig. 16.2 A site layout plan

Floor layouts drawing of the original house

Fig. 16.3 Floor layouts drawing of the original house

Notes

1. Other types of drawings will be constructed such as drawings showing the details of parts such as doors, windows and floor structures. These are often shown in sectional views.

2. Although the seven drawings related to the proposed extension of the house at 44 Ridgeway Road are shown here as having been constructed on either A3 or A4 layouts, it is common practice to include several types of building drawings on larger sheets such as A1 sheets of a size 820 mm by 594 mm.

Views of the original house

Fig. 16.4 Views of the original house

Floor layouts drawing of the proposed extension

Fig. 16.5 Floor layouts drawing of the proposed extension

Views including the proposed extension

Fig. 16.6 Views including the proposed extension

A section through the proposed extension

Fig. 16.7 A section through the proposed extension

When constructing floor layout drawings it is advisable to build up a library of block drawings of symbols representing features such as doors and windows. These can then be inserted into layouts from the DesignCenter. A suggested small library of such block symbols is shown in Fig. 16.8.

Details of shapes and dimensions for the first two examples are taken from the drawings of the building and its extension at 44 Ridgeway Road given in Figs 16.2-16.6.

Floor layouts

A small library of building symbols

Fig. 16.8 A small library of building symbols

3D models of buildings

Details of the first example are taken from Figs 16.2-16.4.

The following steps describe the construction of a 3D model of 44 Ridgeway Road prior to the extension being added.

First example – 44 Ridgeway Road – original building

1. In the Layer Properties Manager palette – Doors (colour red), Roof (colour green), Walls (colour blue), Windows (colour 8) (Fig. 16.9).

2. Set the screen to the ViewCube/Front view (Fig. 16.10).

Set screen to the View Cube/Front view

Fig. 16.10 Set screen to the View Cube/Front view

First example - the layers on which the model is to be constructed

Fig. 16.9 First example – the layers on which the model is to be constructed

3. Set the layer Walls current and, working to a scale of 1:50, construct outlines of the walls. Construct outlines of the bay, windows and doors inside the wall outlines.

4. Extrude the wall, bay, window and door outlines to a height of 1.

5. Subtract the bay, window and door outlines from the wall outlines. The result is shown in Fig. 16.11.

First example - the walls

Fig. 16.11 First example – the walls

6. Make the layer Windows current and construct outlines of three of the windows which are of different sizes. Extrude the copings and cills to a height of 1.5 and the other parts to a height of 1. Form a union of the main outline, the coping and the cill. The window pane extrusions will have to be subtracted from the union. Fig. 16.12 shows the 3D models of the three windows in a ViewCube/Isometric view.

First example - extrusions of the three sizes of windows

Fig. 16.12 First example – extrusions of the three sizes of windows

7. Move and copy the windows to their correct positions in the walls.

8. Make the layer Doors current and construct outlines of the doors and extrude to a height of 1.

9. Make layer Chimney current and construct a 3D model of the chimney (Fig. 16.13). 10. Make the layer Roofs current and construct outlines of the roofs (main building and garage) (see Fig. 16.14).

Set screen to View Cube/Top view

Fig. 16.15 Set screen to View Cube/Top view

First example - Realistic view of the roofs

Fig. 16.14 First example – Realistic view of the roofs

11. On the layer Bay construct the bay and its windows.

Assembling the walls

1. Place the screen in the ViewCube/Top view (Fig. 16.15).

2. Make the layer Walls current and turn off all other layers other than Windows.

3. Place a window around each wall in turn. Move and/or rotate the walls until they are in their correct position relative to each other.

4. Place in the ViewCube/Isometric view and using the Move tool, move the walls into their correct positions relative to each other. Fig. 16.16 shows the walls in position in a ViewCube/Top view.

First example - Realistic

Fig. 16.13 First example – Realistic

First example - the four walls in their correct positions relative to each other in a View Cube/Top view

Fig. 16.16 First example – the four walls in their correct positions relative to each other in a View Cube/Top view

5. Move the roof into position relative to the walls and move the chimney into position on the roof. Fig. 16.17 shows the resulting 3D model in a View Cube/Isometric view (Fig. 16.18).

Set screen to a View Cube/ Isometric view

Fig. 16.18 Set screen to a View Cube/ Isometric view

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