Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
APPENDIX 2
Système International (SI)
units
The
basic SI units
are meter, kilogram, second
(m, kg, s):
For time sums:
Day: 1W m
-2
= 8.64J cm
-2
dy
-1
= 2.064cal cm
-2
dy
-1
Day: 1W m
-2
= 8.64 x 10
4
J m
-2
dy
-1
Month: 1W m
-2
= 2.592M J m
-2
(30 dy)
-1
= 61.91cal cm
-2
(30 dy)
-1
Year: 1W m
-2
= 31.536M J m
-2
yr
-1
= 753.4cal cm
-2
yr
-1
Gravitational acceleration (g) = 9.81m s
-2
Latent heat of vaporization (288K) = 2.47
1mm
= 0.03937in
1in
=
25.4mm
1m
= 3.2808 feet
1ft
=
0.3048m
1km
= 0.6214 miles
1mi
=
1.6090km
1kg
= 2.2046lb
1lb
=
0.4536kg
1m s
-1
= 2.2400mi hr
-1
1mi hr
-1
=
0.4460m s
-1
1m
2
= 10.7640ft
2
1 ft
2
=
0.0929m
2
1km
2
= 0.3861mi
2
1mi
2
0.5900km
2
=
×
1°C
= 1.8°F
1°F
=
0.555°C
10
6
Jkg
-1
Latent heat of fusion (273K) = 3.33
×
10
5
Jkg
-1
Temperature conversions
can be determined by
noting that:
T
(
Length
Length
Length
Height: pressure
Temperature
F) - 32
----- = ----------
5 9
Density units = kg m
-2
Pressure units = N m
-2
(= Pa) ; 100 Pa (= hPa) =
1mb.
Mean sea-level pressure = 1013mb (= 1013hPa)
Radius of the sun
°
C)
T
(
°
mm
ins
mm
ft
km
miles
mm
mb
°Celsius
°Fahrenheit
350
26
40
100
25
65
4.0
100
100
100
24
90
60
55
30
300
22
80
90
90
90
3.5
50
70
20
20
80
80
80
50
250
3.0
60
18
45
70
70
70
10
50
100
16
2.5
40
200
40
60
60
60
=
7
×
10
8
m
14
35
30
25
0
30
Radius of the earth
=
6.37
×
10
6
m
2.0
50
50
50
12
200
150
20
Mean earth-sun distance
=
1.495
×
10
11
m
10
40
40
40
-10
1.5
300
10
Energy conversion factors:
4.1868J
8
20
100
0
400
30
30
30
=
1 calorie
-20
1.0
6
15
15
500
-10
J cm
-2
=
0.2388cal cm
-2
20
20
20
600
4
50
-20
J s
-1
-30
Watt
=
0.5
700
10
10
10
5
2
0
800
-30
W m
-2
=
1.433 × 10
-8
cal
-2
min
-1
900
00
00
00
1013
-40
-40
697.8W m
-2
=
1 cal cm
-2
min
-1
Figure A2.1
Nomograms of height, pressure, length and
temperature.
