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G lobal T e mperat u re Land - Ocean I n dex
Hemispheric Temperature Change
.6
.8
Northern Hemisphere
5-Yr Mean
Southern Hemisphere
5-Yr Mean
Annual Mean
.6
.4
5-year Mean
.4
.2
.2
.0
.0
-.2
-.2
-.4
-.4
1880
1900
1920
1940
1960
1980
2000
1880
1900
1920
1940
1960
1980
2000
Figure 13.7 Long-term instrumental records of annual average surface air temperature, expressed as anomalies with respect to the base period
1951-1980. A: Global average. B: Averages for the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The red lines depict the time series smoothed with five-
year means.
Source:NASA, Goddard Institute for Space Sciences (http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/).
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