From Vulnerability to Adaptation to Climate Change: Food for Thoughts in Social Sciences - Vulnerability of Coastal Ecosystems and Adaptation - page 241

ancestral models through the channel of time and dynamic pressures
are at the origin of the recent choices of the group and, by extension,
of its vulnerability to hazards.
This multi-dimensional approach to vulnerability leads to the
analysis of the factors which affect the level of vulnerability, either by
decreasing or by reinforcing it. The objectives are twofold: accounting
for the complexity of the vulnerability concept and proposing a
theoretical framework. Six generic factors can be differentiated which
fall under all three dimensions of the PAR Model as well as those
highlighted in the definition by the IPCC (exposure, sensitivity and
adaptation capacity).
6.3.2. The six broad factors affecting vulnerability
Whether we want to apprehend vulnerability to natural hazards in
general or to climate change, the following conclusion rapidly arises:
vulnerability is dependent on many parameters (environmental,
economic, socio-cultural and/or politico-institutional) and on the
combination of these parameters [BAN 01, BEC 12, DUV 14]. Six
broad factors affecting the level of vulnerability to climate change
and, more broadly, to natural hazards can hence be identified (see
Figure 6.5).
Figure 6.5. The spatial components of territory