Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Nevertheless, measurements in situ are indispensable to fit and
validate the models.
3.3.2. Measurement systems by satellite
3.3.2.1. Methods of measuring by satellite
Since the 1990s, several satellite missions (Figure 3.1) have
employed measuring instruments that permit global coverage for
certain parameters (Table 3.4).
Instrument
(type)
Instrument
(name)
Parameters measured
Satellite
Height of the sea's surface
Speed of surface wind
Wave height
Sea ice coverage
JASON-1
ENVISAT
JASON-2
Poseidon-2
RA-2
Poseidon-3
Altimeter
Chlorophyll a
Organic matter
Surface temperature
Sea ice coverage
Spectro
radiometer
MODIS
MERIS
Aqua
ENVISAT
METOP
ENVISAT
Aqua
Terra
MeteoSat
DMSP
AVHRR
AATSR
MODIS
SEVIRI
GOES
Infrared
radiometer
Surface temperature
Atmospheric water vapor content
Atmospheric liquid water content
(clouds)
Precipitation
Concentration of sea ice, extent of
coverage
Surface temperature
Salinity
DMSP
TRMM
Aqua
ENVISAT
JASON-1
JASON-2
SSM/I
TMI
AMSR-E
MWR
JMR
AMR
Radiometer
microwaves
Speed of surface wind
Rain
Concentration of sea ice
Scaterometer
METOP
ASCAT
Synthetic
aperture radar
(SAR)
Wind
Waves
Sea ice survey
RADARSAT-1
RADARSAT-2
ENVISAT
Table 3.4. Measurements by satellite, types of instruments, physico-chemical
parameters measurements, satellites and name of the measuring instrument
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