Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Reinforced soil walls are generally economical for walls
>
3m.
A face batter is recommended for all major walls in an active state. Movement
forward is required for the active state. The face batter compensates for this effect.
20.3 Effect of slope behind walls
The slope (
α
) behind the wall can have a significant effect on the wall pressures.
The slope of the wall itself can also affect the design.
The embedment (d) and slope (
β
) in front of wall can also have a significant effect
on the passive wall pressures.
Table 20.3 Typical minimum wall dimension for various sloping conditions.
Sloping area
Effect on wall dimensions for various slopes
α =
slope behind the wall
α <
α
α
10
10
25
Vertical wall
B
0.5 H
B
0.6 H
B
0.7 H
β =
0
α =
slope behind the wall
α <
α
α
10
10
25
Wall with slope 6V: 1H
B
0.4 H
B
0.5 H
B
0.6 H
β =
0
α =
β <
β
β
0
10
10
25
Vertical wall
B
0.5 H
B
0.6 H
B
0.7 H
β =
slope in front of wall
d
=
10% H or
(10% H or 0.5 m
(10% H or 0.5 m
0.5 m which ever
which ever is the
which ever is the
is the greater
greater)
300 mm
greater)
600 mm
+
+
20.4 Embedded retaining walls
The type of soil, load and surcharge determines the embedment depth.
Propped walls would have reduced embedment requirements.
The table below is based on the free standing wall height (H) and a nominal
surcharge for preliminary assessment purpose only.
Table 20.4 Typical embedded wall details.
Type of wall
Loading
Typical embedment depth
Free cantilever
No surcharge or water
1.5H
With surcharge or water
2.0H
With surcharge and water
2.5H
Propped
No surcharge or water
0.5H
With surcharge or water
1.0H
With surcharge and water
1.5H
20.5 Typical pier spacing for embedded retaining walls
The type of soil and its ability to arch determines the pier spacing for embedded
retaining walls.
 
 
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