Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
•
0
◦
10
◦
.
i
=
is usually considered valid for i
<
•
An increase in the active coefficient of 1.5 to 3 times the value with a flat slope
is evident.
•
If the ground dips downwards, a decrease in K
a
occurs. This effect is more
pronounced for the K
p
value.
19.13 Values of passive earth pressures
•
A slope dipping away from the wall affects the passive earth pressure values.
Table 19.13
Passive earth pressure coefficients (after Caquot and Kerisel,
1948).
Angle of friction
Passive earth pressure coefficient for
various slope (i) behind wall
Soil (
)
Wall (
)
i
20
◦
i
15
◦
i
0
◦
i
15
◦
i
20
◦
φ
δ
=−
=−
=
=+
=+
20
0
?
?
2.0
2.7
3.1
1/3
?
1.2
2.3
3.3
3.6
φ
1/2
?
1.4
2.6
3.7
4.0
φ
25
0
?
?
2.5
3.7
4.2
1/3
1.2
1.7
3.0
4.2
5.0
φ
1/2
φ
1.4
1.8
3.4
5.0
6.1
30
0
?
1.7
3.0
4.5
5.1
1/3
φ
1.5
2.2
4.0
6.1
9.0
1/2
1.7
2.4
4.5
7.0
10
φ
35
0
1.5
2.0
3.7
5.5
10
1/3
2.1
2.9
5.4
8.8
16
φ
1/2
2.2
3.1
6.0
10
12
φ
40
0
1.8
2.3
4.6
7.2
9
1/3
2.8
3.8
7.5
12
17
φ
1/2
φ
3.3
4.3
9.0
17
21
•
0
◦
10
◦
.
i
=
is usually considered valid for i
<
•
An increase in the active coefficient of 1.5 to 3 times the value with a flat slope is
evident.
•
Conversely the values can half for 15
◦
dipping slope.
•
? is shown when the interpolated values are outside the graph range provided.
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