Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 12.17
Compaction characteristics of materials used in earthworks (adapted from BS 6031 -
1981).
Material
Suitable type of
Minimum
Maximum
Remarks
compaction plant
number of
thickness of
passes
compacted
required
layer
Natural rocks
•
Heavy vibratory roller -
•
3 (for
500 to
Maximum
Chalk
1800 kg/m or
Chalk)
1500 mm
dimension of
•
>
•
other rock fills
•
Grid rollers -
>
8000 kg/m
depending on
rock not to
or
4 to 12
plant used
exceed 2/3 of
•
Self propelled tamping
layer thickness
•
rollers
Waste material
Vibratory roller, or
4 to 12
300 mm
•
Burnt and unburnt
Smooth wheeled rollers or
•
•
colliery shale
Self propelled tamping
•
•
Pulverised fuel ash
rollers
Broken concrete,
Pneumatic tyred rollers for
•
•
bricks, steelworks
pulverised fuel ash only
slag
Coarse grained soils
Grid rollers -
5400 kg/m
3 to 12
75 mm to
•
>
Well graded gravels
or
275 mm
•
and gravely soils
Pneumatic tyred rollers
•
•
Well graded sands
>
2000 kg/wheel or
and sandy soils
Vibratory plate
compactor
>
•
1100 kg/m
2
of baseplate
Smooth wheeled rollers or
•
Vibratory
roller, or
•
Self propelled tamping
rollers
•
Coarse grained soils
Grid rollers -
5400 kg/m
3 to 16
75 mm to
•
<
Uniform sands
or
300 mm
•
and gravels
•
Pneumatic tyred rollers
<
1500 kg/wheel or
•
Vibratory plate
compactor
Smooth wheeled rollers
<
•
500 Kg/m or
Vibratory roller
•
Fine grained soils
•
Sheepsfoot roller
4 to 8
100 mm to
High plasticity
Well graded gravels
Pneumatic tyred rollers or
450 mm
soils should be
•
•
and gravely soils
Vibratory plate compactor
avoided where
•
Well graded sands
1400 kg/m
2
of baseplate
possible
•
>
and sandy soils
Smooth wheeled
rollers or
•
•
Vibratory roller
>
700 kg/m
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