Mesoscale convective systems - Severe Convective Storms and Tornadoes: Observations and Dynamics - page 273

Figure 5.8. Example of the upscale growth of a convective system from an initial isolated
convective storm from a numerical simulation. Evolution of the storm structure at mid-levels
(4.6 km AGL) at 30, 60, 90, and 120min after initiation. Rainwater mixing ratio is contoured at
2gkg 1 intervals, beginning at 0.1 g kg 1 . Regions of updraft in excess of 5m s 1 are hatched
and updraft maxima are located by dots and labeled in m s 1 . Surface gust front (isotherm of
0.5 C deviation from domain average) marked by a cold front symbol. Dashed lines track
path of updrafts (from Weisman and Klemp, 1984).

Figure 5.9. The leading edge of an MCS on June 4, 2002 in the Texas Panhandle (composite
photograph by the author).

vorticity—cf. (2.50) with the inclusion of the Coriolis force in the horizontal equa-
tion of motion (2.13), so that the term '' f '' appears on the RHS of (2.50)—

which is air in the ascending front-to-rear branch of the vertical circulation that
turns to the right, which advects hydrometeors in that direction. In addition, the