Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 7.1
Basic characteristics of sample areas
2
“Mountain
periphery”
“Intensive
agriculture”
Indicator/Type
“Coal basin”
Geoposition
Exposed high
profile,
prominent
Semiperiphery
→
semiperiphery
→
Semiperiphery
→
semiperiphery
periphery
Location (a.s.l., in m)
Basin (lowland)
195-215
Mountainous
450-750
Lowland
170-260
Year of maximum
population
1930
1880
1910
Decrease of population
1930-1950
by 30%
by 72%
by 25%
Disappearance of
settlements after the year
1945
Liquidation by
coal mining
(seven
settlements)
Disappearance of
six settlements as
aresultof
undersettlement
0
Number of settlements
a
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
8
8
8
9
9
9
3
3
11
11
→
→
→
1
1
11
11
11
Average settlement size
a
670
→
2,670
→
890
→
770
→
370
→
510
→
380
2,020
→
17,025
→
480
→
400
→
430
→
340
→
350
15,700
Rate of concentration (%
inhab. in centre)
a
69
→
69
→
73
→
33
→
39
→
37
→
34
→
36
→
35
→
100
→
100
41
→
39
37
→
35
Land-use type
Dynamic changes
Gradual changes
Relatively stable
Period of essential changes
Totalitarian
Totalitarian and
postindustrial
Totalitarian
Basic structural land-use
changes
Dynamic decrease
of arable land in
favour of other
areas
Decrease of arable
land in favour of
meadows and
forest areas
Mild decrease of
arable land
Basic function
Agricultural
→
agro-
Forest and
agricultural
Agricultural
industrial
→
urban
→
and mining
recreational
Example
Bilina area
Petrovice area
Trebenice area
a
Describes five time horizons - 1850, 1930, 1950, 1990 and 2000; the year 1930 represents a
population maximum for the majority of settlements.
resettlement of the German-speaking population, (decrease of population by 72%).
This decrease showed itself negatively by disruption of the structure of settlements
(elimination of 2/3 of settlements), and by dynamic decrease of arable land as a
result of lack of manpower. These tendencies continue also in the post-industrial
period. In this last period, the agricultural function is replaced by a recreational
function.
The 3rd type, “Intensive agriculture”, represents a stable type with stable settle-
ment structure and relatively low decrease of population after the Second World
War. This type is characterised by only mild decrease of arable land in the
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